Fullana Aïda Magdalena, Expósito Alejandro, Escudero Nuria, Cunquero Marina, Loza-Alvarez Pablo, Giné Ariadna, Sorribas F Javier
Department of Agri-Food Engineering and Biotechnology (DEAB), Escola d'Enginyeria Agroalimentària i de Biosistemes de Barcelona (EEABB), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, BarcelonaTech (UPC), Castelldefels, Spain.
Institut de Ciències Fotòniques (ICFO), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain.
Front Plant Sci. 2023 Mar 15;14:1133095. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1133095. eCollection 2023.
A rotation sequence of ungrafted and grafted tomato-melon-pepper-watermelon on resistant rootstocks 'Brigeor', , 'Oscos' and , respectively, was carried out in a plastic greenhouse, ending with a susceptible or resistant tomato crop. The rotation was conducted in plots infested by an avirulent (Avi) or a partially virulent (Vi) population to the gene. At the beginning of the study, the reproduction index (RI, relative reproduction in the resistant respect susceptible tomato) of Avi and Vi populations was 1.3% and 21.6%, respectively. Soil nematode density at transplanting () and at the end () of each crop, disease severity and crop yield were determined. Moreover, the putative virulence selection and fitness cost were determined at the end of each crop in pot tests. In addition, a histopathological study was carried out 15 days after nematode inoculation in pot test. The volume and number of nuclei per giant cell (GC) and the number of GC, their volume and the number of nuclei per feeding site in susceptible watermelon and pepper were compared with and resistant pepper. At the beginning of the study, the of Avi and Vi plots did not differ between susceptible and resistant germplasm. At the end of the rotation, the of Avi was 1.2 the in susceptible and 0.06 in resistant, the cumulative yield of grafted crops was 1.82 times higher than that of the ungrafted susceptible ones, and the RI in resistant tomato less than 10% irrespective of the rotation sequence. Concerning the Vi, was below the detection level at the end of the rotation in resistant and 3 times in the susceptible. The cumulative yield of grafted crops was 2.83 times higher than that of the ungrafted and the RI in resistant tomato was 7.6%, losing the population's virulence. In the histopathological study, no differences in number of GC per feeding site were observed in watermelon compared to , but they were more voluminous and contained higher number of nuclei per GC and per feeding site. Regarding pepper, Avi population did not penetrate resistant rootstock.
在塑料温室中分别以抗性砧木“Brigeor”、“Oscos”等进行了未嫁接和嫁接的番茄 - 甜瓜 - 辣椒 - 西瓜轮作，最后种植易感或抗性番茄作物。轮作在受无毒（Avi）或部分有毒（Vi）群体侵染的地块中进行，这些群体对该基因而言是无毒或部分有毒的。在研究开始时，Avi和Vi群体的繁殖指数（RI，抗性相对于易感番茄的相对繁殖率）分别为1.3%和21.6%。测定了每种作物移栽时（）和结束时（）的土壤线虫密度、病情严重程度和作物产量。此外，在盆栽试验中于每种作物结束时测定了假定的毒力选择和适合度代价。另外，在盆栽试验中线虫接种15天后进行了组织病理学研究。将易感西瓜和辣椒中每个巨型细胞（GC）的体积和细胞核数量、GC的数量、其体积以及每个取食位点的细胞核数量与抗性辣椒进行了比较。在研究开始时，Avi和Vi地块的易感和抗性种质之间没有差异。轮作结束时，Avi的易感地块中的为1.2，抗性地块中的为0.06，嫁接作物的累计产量比未嫁接的易感作物高1.82倍，抗性番茄中的RI低于10%，与轮作顺序无关。对于Vi，抗性地块在轮作结束时低于检测水平，易感地块中的是其3倍。嫁接作物的累计产量比未嫁接的高2.83倍，抗性番茄中的RI为7.6%，该群体失去了毒力。在组织病理学研究中，与抗性相比，西瓜中每个取食位点的GC数量没有差异，但它们体积更大，每个GC和每个取食位点包含的细胞核数量更多。对于辣椒，Avi群体没有穿透抗性砧木。
