Deng Pengfei, Yin Ruoyong, Wang Huiling, Chen Leiru, Cao Xiaoqing, Xu Xiaoniu
School of Forestry & Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
School of Architecture & Planning, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
Front Plant Sci. 2023 Mar 17;14:1147076. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1147076. eCollection 2023.
The intercropping practice has been regarded as a practical land-use selection to improve the management benefits of plantations. The reports about the variety of economic and functional traits of Bletilla pseudobulb under intercropping systems were limited. The present study investigated the variation of economic and functional traits of Bletilla pseudobulb under different intercropping systems (the deep-rooted intercropping system: - , CB; and the shallow-rooted intercropping system: - , PB). The functional traits were analyzed through non-targeted metabolomics based on GC-MS. The results indicated that the PB intercropping system significantly decreased the yield of Bletilla pseudobulb while significantly increasing the total phenol and flavonoids compared with the control (CK). However, there were no significant differences in all economic traits between CB and CK. The functional traits among CB, PB, and CK were separated and exhibited significant differences. Under different intercropping systems, may adopt different functional strategies in response to interspecific competition. The functional node metabolites (D-galactose, cellobiose, raffinose, D-fructose, maltose, and D-ribose) were up-regulated in CB, while the functional node metabolites (L-valine, L-leucine, L-isoleucine, methionine, L-lysine, serine, D-glucose, cellobiose, trehalose, maltose, D-ribose, palatinose, raffinose, xylobiose, L-rhamnose, melezitose, and maltotriose) were up-regulated in PB. The correlation between economic and functional traits depends on the degree of environmental stress. Artificial neural network models (ANNs) accurately predicted the variation in economic traits the combination of functional node metabolites in PB. The correlation analysis of environmental factors indicated that Ns (including TN, NH -, and NO -), SRI (solar radiation intensity), and SOC were the main factors that affected the economic traits (yield, total phenol, and total flavonoids). TN, SRI, and SOC were the main factors affecting the functional traits of the Bletilla pseudobulb. These findings strengthen our understanding of the variation of economic and functional traits of Bletilla pseudobulb under intercropping and clarify the main limiting environmental factors under intercropping systems.
间作模式被认为是一种提高人工林经营效益的实用土地利用选择。关于间作系统下巴戟天假鳞茎经济和功能性状多样性的报道有限。本研究调查了不同间作系统（深根间作系统：-，CB；浅根间作系统：-，PB）下巴戟天假鳞茎经济和功能性状的变化。通过基于气相色谱 - 质谱联用的非靶向代谢组学分析功能性状。结果表明，与对照（CK）相比，PB间作系统显著降低了巴戟天假鳞茎的产量，同时显著提高了总酚和黄酮类化合物的含量。然而，CB和CK之间所有经济性状均无显著差异。CB、PB和CK之间的功能性状相互分离且存在显著差异。在不同间作系统下，可能会采取不同的功能策略来应对种间竞争。CB中间作系统中功能节点代谢物（D - 半乳糖、纤维二糖、棉子糖、D - 果糖、麦芽糖和D - 核糖）上调，而PB中间作系统中功能节点代谢物（L - 缬氨酸、L - 亮氨酸、L - 异亮氨酸、蛋氨酸、L - 赖氨酸、丝氨酸、D - 葡萄糖、纤维二糖、海藻糖、麦芽糖、D - 核糖、帕拉金糖、棉子糖、木二糖、L - 鼠李糖、松三糖和麦芽三糖）上调。经济性状和功能性状之间的相关性取决于环境胁迫程度。人工神经网络模型（ANNs）通过PB中功能节点代谢物的组合准确预测了经济性状的变化。环境因子的相关性分析表明，Ns（包括TN、NH - 和NO -）、SRI（太阳辐射强度）和SOC是影响经济性状（产量、总酚和总黄酮）的主要因素。TN、SRI和SOC是影响巴戟天假鳞茎功能性状的主要因素。这些发现加深了我们对间作下巴戟天假鳞茎经济和功能性状变化的理解，并阐明了间作系统下主要的限制环境因素。
