Nagelhout Gera E, Poole Nikita L, Metze Marcel, Willemsen Marc C, Vermeulen Wouter, van den Brand Floor A
IVO Research Institute, The Hague, the Netherlands.
Department of Health Promotion, Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
Tob Prev Cessat. 2023 Mar 29;9:08. doi: 10.18332/tpc/161825. eCollection 2023.
The Netherlands plans to ban tobacco sales in supermarkets in 2024. In a comprehensive policy evaluation, we aim to examine: 1) the impact of the policy on the number and types of tobacco outlets, 2) the impact on attitudes and behaviors of smoking adults and non-smoking youth, and 3) the influence of the tobacco industry on the policy process and the retail environment. In addition, our study focusses on differential effects in disadvantaged neighborhoods, where both smoking rates and tobacco outlet density are typically highest. This study brings together economic, psychological, and journalistic research methods. We investigate the impact of the new legislation on the number and type of tobacco outlets, and on the number of smokers by using routinely collected population monitoring data. We examine the impact of the legislation on smoking susceptibility of non-smoking youth and on impulse tobacco purchases by smoking adults with yearly quantitative surveys and with qualitative interviews and discussion sessions. We describe whether these impacts differ for disadvantaged versus non-disadvantaged neighborhoods. We investigate what strategies the tobacco industry uses to influence the new legislation, policy processes, and the tobacco retail environment by performing a journalistic investigation, by means of documents obtained by Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) requests, (possibly) leaked documents from insider meetings, and interviews with insiders. The methods of our evaluation can be used as a model for other comprehensive public policy evaluations.
Clinical Trials ID NCT05554120, Protocol ID KWF140282021-2.
FOIA: Freedom of Information Act. SES-WOA: socioeconomic scores of private households. MCID: minimal clinically important difference.
荷兰计划在2024年禁止在超市销售烟草。在一项全面的政策评估中，我们旨在研究：1）该政策对烟草销售点数量和类型的影响；2）对吸烟成年人和不吸烟青少年的态度及行为的影响；3）烟草行业对政策制定过程和零售环境的影响。此外，我们的研究重点关注弱势社区的差异影响，这些社区的吸烟率和烟草销售点密度通常最高。本研究综合了经济、心理和新闻学研究方法。我们利用常规收集的人口监测数据，调查新立法对烟草销售点数量和类型以及吸烟者数量的影响。我们通过年度定量调查、定性访谈和讨论会，研究该立法对不吸烟青少年吸烟易感性以及吸烟成年人冲动购买烟草行为的影响。我们描述这些影响在弱势社区和非弱势社区是否存在差异。我们通过新闻学调查、根据《信息自由法》（FOIA）请求获取的文件、（可能）内部会议泄露的文件以及对内部人士的访谈，调查烟草行业用于影响新立法、政策制定过程和烟草零售环境的策略。我们的评估方法可作为其他全面公共政策评估的范例。
临床试验标识号NCT05554120，方案标识号KWF140282021 - 2。
FOIA：《信息自由法》；SES - WOA：私人家庭的社会经济得分；MCID：最小临床重要差异。
