Zhang Qiaoyang, Huang Shan, Cao Yin, Dong Guanzhong, Chen Yun, Zhu Xuanyan, Yun Wenwei, Zhang Min
Department of Psychology, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China.
Department of Neurology, General Hospital of Northern Theatre Command, Shenyang, China.
Front Aging Neurosci. 2023 Mar 15;15:1069076. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1069076. eCollection 2023.
Emerging evidence suggests that elevated remnant cholesterol (RC) correlates with several health conditions. To explore the association of plasma RC with MCI incidence and the relationship between plasma RC and different domains of cognition in MCI patients.
Thirty-six MCI patients and 38 cognitively healthy controls (HC) were enrolled in the present cross-sectional study. Using total cholesterol (TC) minus high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) minus low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) as the formula for calculating fasting RC. Cognition was assessed using the Chinese version of the Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA), Auditory Verbal Learning Test (AVLT), Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST), Trail Making Test (TMT), and Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test (ROCF).
Compared to healthy controls, MCI patients had a higher level of RC, the median difference in RC levels between these two groups was 8.13 mg/dl (95.0%CI: 0.97-16.1). Concurrently, plasma RC level was positively associated with MCI risk (OR = 1.05, 95%CI: 1.01-1.10). Notably, elevated RC level was correlated with impaired cognition in MCI patients, such as DSST ( = -0.45, = 0.008), ROCF- Long Delayed Recall ( = -0.45, = 0.008), AVLT-Immediate Recall (pr = -0.38, = 0.028), and TMT-A ( = 0.44, = 0.009). Conversely, no significant correlation was found between RC and the AVLT-Long Delayed Recall test.
This study found that plasma remnant cholesterol was associated with MCI. Further large longitudinal studies are needed in the future to confirm the results and clarify the cause-and-effect relationship.
新出现的证据表明，残余胆固醇（RC）升高与多种健康状况相关。探讨血浆RC与轻度认知障碍（MCI）发病率的关联以及MCI患者血浆RC与不同认知领域之间的关系。
本横断面研究纳入了36例MCI患者和38例认知健康对照者（HC）。采用总胆固醇（TC）减去高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）减去低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）作为计算空腹RC的公式。使用中文版蒙特利尔认知评估量表（MoCA）、听觉词语学习测验（AVLT）、数字符号替换测验（DSST）、连线测验（TMT）和雷-奥斯特里茨复杂图形测验（ROCF）评估认知功能。
与健康对照者相比，MCI患者的RC水平更高，两组RC水平的中位数差异为8.13mg/dl（95.0%CI：0.97-16.1）。同时，血浆RC水平与MCI风险呈正相关（OR=1.05，95%CI：1.01-1.10）。值得注意的是，RC水平升高与MCI患者的认知功能受损相关，如DSST（r=-0.45，P=0.008）、ROCF-长时延迟回忆（r=-0.45，P=0.008）、AVLT-即刻回忆（pr=-0.38，P=0.028）和TMT-A（r=0.44，P=0.009）。相反，RC与AVLT-长时延迟回忆测验之间未发现显著相关性。
本研究发现血浆残余胆固醇与MCI相关。未来需要进一步开展大型纵向研究以证实该结果并阐明因果关系。
