Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Surg Infect (Larchmt). 2023 Apr;24(3):213-219. doi: 10.1089/sur.2023.002.
The human microbiome is vast and is present in spaces previously thought to be sterile such as the lungs. A healthy microbiome is diverse and functions in an adaptive way to support local as well as organism health and function. Furthermore, a normal microbiome is essential for normal immune system development rendering the array of microbes that live in and on the human body key components of homeostasis. A wide array of clinical conditions and interventions including anesthesia, analgesia, and surgical intervention may derange the human microbiome in a maladaptive fashion with bacterial responses spanning decreased diversity to transformation to a pathogenic phenotype. Herein, we explore the normal microbiome of the skin, gastrointestinal tract, and the lungs as prototype sites to describe the influence of the microbiomes in each of those locations on health, and how care may derange those relations.
人类微生物组非常庞大，存在于以前被认为是无菌的空间中，如肺部。健康的微生物组是多样化的，以适应的方式发挥作用，以支持局部以及机体的健康和功能。此外，正常的微生物组对于正常的免疫系统发育至关重要，使生活在人体内外的微生物成为体内平衡的关键组成部分。广泛的临床病症和干预措施，包括麻醉、镇痛和手术干预，可能会以不适应的方式扰乱人体微生物组，细菌反应范围从多样性减少到向致病性表型的转变。在此，我们探讨了皮肤、胃肠道和肺部的正常微生物组，作为描述这些部位的微生物组对健康的影响以及护理如何扰乱这些关系的典型部位。
