Xu Q, Wang J H, Zhou B, Jin C H, Zhang L L, Li N, Wang L, Li X M, Wang X, Wang L
Center of Children's Healthcare, Children's Hospital, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China.
Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi. 2023 Apr 2;61(4):328-332. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20221219-01056.
To investigate the association between screen exposure and language skills in children aged 2-5 years. There were 299 children aged 2-5 years, recruited by convenience sampling from those who visited the Center of Children's Healthcare, Children's Hospital, Capital Institute of Pediatrics for routine physical examination from November 2020 to November 2021. Their development status were evaluated by the children neuropsychological and behavioral scale (revision 2016). A self-designed questionnaire for parents was conducted to collect demographic and socioeconomic information and screen exposure characteristics (time and quality). One-way ANOVA and independent sample test were applied to compare the differences in language development quotient of children with different screen exposure time and quality. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the correlation between screen exposure time and quality with language developmental quotient. Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the risk of language underdevelopment in children with different screen exposure time and quality. Among 299 children, 184 (61.5%) were boys and 115 (38.5%) were girls, with the age of (3.9±1.1) years. The number of children with daily screen time <60, 60-120 and>120 min was 163 children (54.5%), 86 children (28.8%) and 50 children (16.7%), respectively, with the language development quotients of 94±13, 90±13, 84±14, respectively, demonstrating a statistically significant difference (=8.92, <0.001). Logistic regression analysis revealed that screen exposure time of 60-120 and >120 min per day were both risk factors for children's language developmental quotients (=2.28, 95% 1.00-5.17, =0.043; =3.96, 95% 1.86-9.17, <0.001), and co-viewing and exposure to educational programs were both protective factors for children's language developmental quotients (=0.48, 95% 0.25-0.91, =0.024, =0.36, 95% 0.19-0.70, =0.003). Excessive exposure screen time and inappropriate screen exposure habits are associated with children's poorer language development. Screen exposure time should be limited and screen use should be rational to promote children's language skills.
探讨2-5岁儿童屏幕暴露与语言技能之间的关联。选取299名2-5岁儿童，于2020年11月至2021年11月期间，通过便利抽样法从前往首都儿科研究所附属儿童医院儿童保健中心进行常规体检的儿童中招募。采用儿童神经心理与行为量表（2016年修订版）评估其发育状况。通过自行设计的家长问卷收集人口统计学和社会经济信息以及屏幕暴露特征（时间和质量）。应用单因素方差分析和独立样本检验比较不同屏幕暴露时间和质量的儿童语言发育商的差异。采用多元线性回归分析屏幕暴露时间和质量与语言发育商之间的相关性。采用多因素Logistic回归分析不同屏幕暴露时间和质量的儿童语言发育迟缓的风险。299名儿童中，男童184名（61.5%），女童115名（38.5%），年龄为（3.9±1.1）岁。每日屏幕时间<60、60-120及>120分钟的儿童数量分别为163名（54.5%）、86名（28.8%）和50名（16.7%），其语言发育商分别为94±13、90±13、84±14，差异有统计学意义（=8.92，<0.001）。Logistic回归分析显示，每日屏幕暴露时间60-120分钟及>120分钟均为儿童语言发育商的危险因素（=2.28，95% 1.00-5.17，=0.043；=3.96，95% 1.86-9.17，<0.001），共同观看和接触教育节目均为儿童语言发育商的保护因素（=0.48，95% 0.25-0.91，=0.024，=0.36，95% 0.19-0.70，=0.003）。屏幕暴露时间过长和不适当的屏幕暴露习惯与儿童较差的语言发育相关。应限制屏幕暴露时间，合理使用屏幕以促进儿童语言技能发展。
