Rayner K
J Exp Child Psychol. 1986 Apr;41(2):211-36. doi: 10.1016/0022-0965(86)90037-8.
Four experiments are reported which examined the size of the perceptual span in second-, fourth-, and sixth-grade children, as well as adult skilled readers. The results indicated that the perceptual span in beginning readers is slightly smaller than the perceptual span of skilled readers. Using a moving window technique, it was found that the perceptual span of beginning readers extends about 11 character spaces to the right of fixation; for skilled readers, the span extends 14-15 spaces to the right of fixation. Beginning readers apparently devote more of their processing to the foveally fixated word than more proficient readers, but their perceptual span appears to be asymmetric to the right of fixation as is the case for skilled readers. The results of the experiments also indicated that the size of the perceptual span is variable and can be influenced by the difficulty of the text. It is concluded that the size of the perceptual span does not cause beginning readers' slow reading rates.
本文报告了四项实验，这些实验研究了二年级、四年级和六年级儿童以及成年熟练读者的感知跨度大小。结果表明，初读者的感知跨度略小于熟练读者的感知跨度。使用移动窗口技术发现，初读者的感知跨度在注视点右侧约延伸11个字符空间；对于熟练读者，该跨度在注视点右侧延伸14 - 15个空间。初读者显然比更熟练的读者在中央凹注视的单词上投入了更多的处理，但他们的感知跨度在注视点右侧似乎与熟练读者一样不对称。实验结果还表明，感知跨度的大小是可变的，并且会受到文本难度的影响。研究得出结论，感知跨度的大小并不会导致初读者阅读速度慢。
