Häikiö Tuomo, Bertram Raymond, Hyönä Jukka, Niemi Pekka
Department of Psychology, University of Turku, FIN-20014 Turku, Finland.
J Exp Child Psychol. 2009 Feb;102(2):167-81. doi: 10.1016/j.jecp.2008.04.002. Epub 2008 Jun 5.
By means of the moving window paradigm, we examined how many letters can be identified during a single eye fixation and whether this letter identity span changes as a function of reading skill. The results revealed that 8-year-old Finnish readers identify approximately 5 characters, 10-year-old readers identify approximately 7 characters, and 12-year-old and adult readers identify approximately 9 characters to the right of fixation. Comparison with earlier studies revealed that the letter identity span is smaller than the span for identifying letter features and that it is as wide in Finnish as in English. Furthermore, the letter identity span of faster readers of each age group was larger than that of slower readers, indicating that slower readers, unlike faster readers, allocate most of their processing resources to foveally fixated words. Finally, slower second graders were largely not disrupted by smaller windows, suggesting that their word decoding skill is not yet fully automatized.
通过移动窗口范式，我们研究了在单次眼动注视过程中能够识别多少个字母，以及这种字母识别跨度是否会随着阅读技能而变化。结果显示，8岁的芬兰读者大约能识别5个字符，10岁的读者大约能识别7个字符，12岁的读者和成年读者在注视点右侧大约能识别9个字符。与早期研究的比较表明，字母识别跨度小于字母特征识别跨度，并且在芬兰语中与英语中的跨度一样宽。此外，每个年龄组中阅读速度较快的读者的字母识别跨度大于阅读速度较慢的读者，这表明阅读速度较慢的读者与阅读速度较快的读者不同，他们将大部分处理资源分配给了中央凹注视的单词。最后，二年级阅读速度较慢的学生在很大程度上不会受到较小窗口的干扰，表示他们的单词解码技能尚未完全自动化。
