Department of Pathology, University of Iowa-Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Iowa-Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
Immunol Rev. 2023 Jul;316(1):84-103. doi: 10.1111/imr.13202. Epub 2023 Apr 4.
Nearly half of the world's population is at risk of malaria, a disease caused by the protozoan parasite Plasmodium, which is estimated to cause more than 240,000,000 infections and kill more than 600,000 people annually. The emergence of Plasmodia resistant to chemoprophylactic treatment highlights the urgency to develop more effective vaccines. In this regard, whole sporozoite vaccination approaches in murine models and human challenge studies have provided substantial insight into the immune correlates of protection from malaria. From these studies, CD8+ T cells have come to the forefront, being identified as critical for vaccine-mediated liver-stage immunity that can prevent the establishment of the symptomatic blood stages and subsequent transmission of infection. However, the unique biological characteristics required for CD8+ T cell protection from liver-stage malaria dictate that more work must be done to design effective vaccines. In this review, we will highlight a subset of studies that reveal basic aspects of memory CD8+ T cell-mediated protection from liver-stage malaria infection.
全球近一半的人口面临疟疾风险，疟疾是由原生动物寄生虫疟原虫引起的疾病，估计每年有超过 2.4 亿人感染疟疾，导致超过 60 万人死亡。疟原虫对化学预防治疗产生抗药性，突显了开发更有效的疫苗的紧迫性。在这方面，鼠模型中的整个孢子虫疫苗接种方法和人体挑战研究为疟疾保护的免疫相关性提供了重要的见解。从这些研究中，CD8+T 细胞成为焦点，被确定为预防症状性血液期和随后感染传播的疫苗介导的肝期免疫的关键。然而，CD8+T 细胞免受肝期疟疾侵害所需的独特生物学特性要求必须做更多的工作来设计有效的疫苗。在这篇综述中，我们将重点介绍一系列研究，这些研究揭示了记忆 CD8+T 细胞介导的免受肝期疟疾感染的基本方面。
