Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas (FCQB), Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Mexico.
Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas (FCB), Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Mexico.
J Food Prot. 2023 Jun;86(6):100084. doi: 10.1016/j.jfp.2023.100084. Epub 2023 Apr 3.
In this research, we evaluated the aphicidal effect of the ethanolic extract of stems and bark of Ficus petiolaris Kunth (Moraceae), in laboratory bioassays in an artificial diet against apterous adult females of Melanaphis sacchari Zehntner (Hemiptera: Aphididae). The extract was evaluated at different concentrations (500, 1,000, 1,500, 2,000, and 2,500 ppm), and the highest percentage of mortality (82%) was found at 2,500 ppm after 72 h. The positive control imidacloprid (Confial®) at 1% eliminated 100% of the aphids, and the negative control (artificial diet) only presented mortality of 4%. The chemical fractionation of the stem and bark extract of F. petiolaris yielded five fractions of FpR1-5, which were each evaluated at 250, 500, 750, and 1,000 ppm. FpR2 had the strongest aphicidal effect, with 89% mortality at 72 h at 1,000 ppm. The pure xanthotoxin compound extracted from this fraction was even more effective, with 91% aphid mortality after 72 h at 100 ppm. The lethal concentration (LC) of xanthotoxin was 58.7 ppm (72 h). Our results indicate that the extract of F. petiolaris showed toxic activity against this aphid, and its xanthotoxin compound showed strong aphicidal activity at low concentrations.
在这项研究中，我们评估了榕属植物茎和树皮的乙醇提取物（Moraceae）对人工饲料中无翅成年雌性麦长管蚜（Hemiptera：Aphididae）的杀虫效果。提取物在不同浓度（500、1000、1500、2000 和 2500 ppm）下进行了评估，在 72 小时后，在 2500 ppm 时发现死亡率最高（82%）。阳性对照药剂噻虫啉（Confial®）在 1%时消除了 100%的蚜虫，而阴性对照（人工饲料）仅表现出 4%的死亡率。榕属植物茎和树皮提取物的化学分级分离得到五个馏分 FpR1-5，每个馏分在 250、500、750 和 1000 ppm 下进行了评估。FpR2 具有最强的杀虫效果，在 72 小时时在 1000 ppm 下死亡率达到 89%。从该馏分中提取的纯补骨脂素化合物甚至更有效，在 100 ppm 时 72 小时后蚜虫死亡率达到 91%。补骨脂素的致死浓度（LC）为 58.7 ppm（72 小时）。我们的结果表明，榕属植物提取物对这种蚜虫表现出毒性活性，其补骨脂素化合物在低浓度下表现出强烈的杀虫活性。
