Jiao Zhiyin, Wang Jinping, Ma Xue, Shi Yannan, Wang Zhifang, Guo Yongchao, Lv Peng
Institute of Millet Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Hebei Branch of China National Sorghum Improvement Center, Shijiazhuang, China.
Front Plant Sci. 2025 Jun 3;16:1588702. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2025.1588702. eCollection 2025.
Sorghum, one of the world's five major cereal crops, faces significant yield losses due to aphid infestations, particularly from the sorghum aphid () and the greenbug (). These pests not only cause a reduction in grain yield, but also transmit plant viruses, posing a serious threat to global food security. Current strategies to mitigate aphid damage include large-scale insecticide applications, biological control through natural enemies, and the development of aphid-resistant sorghum varieties. However, the resistance genes of aphids and their mechanisms are still unclear, which poses a major challenge to breeding programs. This review synthesizes recent advances in understanding the interactions between sorghum and these two major aphid species, exploring topics such as aphid classification, quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping of resistance genes, and the molecular mechanisms of sorghum-aphid interactions. We also discuss conventional and emerging insecticide methods, biological control strategies, and their associated challenges. Looking ahead, the integration of molecular breeding techniques, including genetic engineering and genome editing, holds promise for accelerating the development of aphid-resistant sorghum varieties. These innovative approaches aim to minimize aphid damage, enhance sorghum productivity, and contribute to global food security in the face of climate change and evolving pest pressures.
高粱是世界五大主要谷类作物之一，因蚜虫侵害而面临严重的产量损失，尤其是高粱蚜（）和麦二叉蚜（）。这些害虫不仅会导致谷物产量下降，还会传播植物病毒，对全球粮食安全构成严重威胁。当前减轻蚜虫危害的策略包括大规模施用杀虫剂、通过天敌进行生物防治以及培育抗蚜虫高粱品种。然而，蚜虫的抗性基因及其作用机制仍不清楚，这给育种计划带来了重大挑战。本综述综合了近期在理解高粱与这两种主要蚜虫物种相互作用方面的进展，探讨了蚜虫分类、抗性基因的数量性状位点（QTL）定位以及高粱 - 蚜虫相互作用的分子机制等主题。我们还讨论了传统和新兴的杀虫剂方法、生物防治策略及其相关挑战。展望未来，包括基因工程和基因组编辑在内的分子育种技术的整合有望加速抗蚜虫高粱品种的开发。这些创新方法旨在将蚜虫危害降至最低，提高高粱生产力，并在面对气候变化和不断演变的害虫压力时为全球粮食安全做出贡献。
