Department of Microbiology, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India.
Department of Basic and Applied Science, G.D. Goenka University, Gurgaon, India.
Prog Mol Biol Transl Sci. 2023;197:1-21. doi: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2023.01.007. Epub 2023 Feb 24.
The most eminent research of the 21st century whirls around the epigenetic and the variability of DNA sequences in humans. The reciprocity between the epigenetic changes and the exogenous factors drives an influence on the inheritance biology and gene expression both inter-generationally and trans-generationally. Chromatin level modifications like DNA methylation, histone modifications or changes in transcripts functions either at transcription level or translational level pave the way for certain diseases or cancer in humans. The ability of epigenetics to explain the processes of various diseases has been demonstrated by recent epigenetic studies. Multidisciplinary therapeutic strategies were developed in order to analyse how epigenetic elements interact with different disease pathways. In this chapter we summarize how an organism may be predisposed to certain diseases by exposure to environmental variables such as chemicals, medications, stress, or infections during particular, vulnerable phases of life, and the epigenetic component may influence some of the diseases in humans.
21 世纪最杰出的研究围绕着人类的表观遗传学和 DNA 序列的可变性展开。表观遗传变化与外源性因素之间的相互作用，在代际和跨代水平上对遗传生物学和基因表达产生影响。染色质水平的修饰，如 DNA 甲基化、组蛋白修饰或转录本功能的改变，无论是在转录水平还是翻译水平上，都为人类的某些疾病或癌症铺平了道路。最近的表观遗传学研究已经证明了表观遗传学解释各种疾病过程的能力。为了分析表观遗传因素如何与不同的疾病途径相互作用，已经开发了多学科的治疗策略。在这一章中，我们总结了一个生物体如何通过在特定的脆弱生命阶段暴露于环境变量（如化学物质、药物、压力或感染）而容易患上某些疾病，并且表观遗传成分可能会影响人类的一些疾病。
