Department of Human Development and Family Studies, University of North Carolina, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA.
Department of Psychology, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA.
Fam Process. 2024 Sep;63(3):1288-1303. doi: 10.1111/famp.12878. Epub 2023 Apr 5.
Parent-child conversations about race-related issues serve a protective function for minoritized families and are needed to help children of color thrive in the United States (Hughes et al., Advances in Child Development and Behavior, 51, 2016 and 1). Despite the difficulties that parents experience in having such conversations to prepare youth to cope with discrimination (Priest et al., International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 43, 2014 and 139), parents are actively engaging in these courageous conversations with the aim of protecting their youth. In order to fully understand and support parents having these conversations, our study sought to identify conversation facilitators (i.e., strategies currently being implemented and viewed as successful and/or viewed as potentially helpful) to engage in preparation for bias and racial-ethnic discrimination conversations from the perspective of parents and youth. The current qualitative study draws upon focus group data collected from parents and youth from African American, Chinese American, Mexican American, and Indian American (South Asian) families (N = 138 individuals; 30 focus groups). Reflections were transcribed and coded by a racially and ethnically diverse research team using an inductive thematic analysis approach (Braun & Clarke, Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3, 2006 and 77). Shared and unique facilitators to engaging in preparation for bias and racial-ethnic discrimination conversations were identified across the four racial-ethnic groups. Shared facilitators broadly centered on parent-youth relationship quality, conversation characteristics, and quality, and conversation content and relevance. Unique facilitators broadly centered on communication style and needs and conversation content. Shared and unique facilitators warrant more attention to best support minoritized families. The use of findings in developing interventions to support marginalized parents, youth, and families is addressed.
亲子间关于种族问题的对话对少数族裔家庭具有保护作用，有助于有色人种的孩子在美国茁壮成长（Hughes 等人，《儿童发展与行为进展》，51，2016 年，第 1 页）。尽管父母在进行此类对话以帮助年轻人应对歧视时会遇到困难（Priest 等人，《国际跨文化关系杂志》，43，2014 年，第 139 页），但他们仍积极参与这些勇敢的对话，旨在保护他们的孩子。为了全面理解和支持父母进行这些对话，我们的研究旨在从父母和青少年的角度确定对话促进者（即当前正在实施且被视为成功和/或可能有帮助的策略），以便为偏见和种族-族裔歧视对话做准备。这项定性研究基于从非裔美国、华裔美国、墨西哥裔美国和印度裔美国（南亚）家庭（N=138 人；30 个焦点小组）的父母和青少年中收集的焦点小组数据。反思由一个种族和民族多样化的研究团队进行转录和编码，使用归纳主题分析方法（Braun & Clarke，《心理学中的定性研究》，3，2006 年，第 77 页）。在四个种族群体中，确定了参与偏见和种族-族裔歧视对话准备的共同和独特促进因素。共同的促进因素主要集中在亲子关系质量、对话特点和质量，以及对话内容和相关性上。独特的促进因素主要集中在沟通风格和需求以及对话内容上。共同和独特的促进因素需要更多关注来支持少数族裔家庭。还讨论了在制定支持边缘化父母、青少年和家庭的干预措施中使用研究结果的问题。
