College of Wildlife and Protected Areas, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China.
Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Harbin, 150040, China.
Sci Rep. 2023 Apr 5;13(1):5610. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-32314-z.
Human interventions have a great potential of spatially cornering and limiting species, therefore investigating the species distribution is one of the most crucial issues for managing wildlife populations and suggesting robust conservation strategies. Water deer (Hydropotes inermis) are widespread in China throughout history and are endemic to East Asia. However, they disappeared from Northeast China for years. We rediscovered the water deer in a previous study in Jilin Province, China. Then, we conducted further research in Northeast China to determine their distribution status, supplying fundamental data for the recovery and expansion of their population. An interview survey, line transect survey and infrared camera monitoring were carried out in some counties/cities in Northeast China from June to December 2021. The results showed that the water deer were distributed in Wuchang city of Heilongjiang Province, Changbai Korean Autonomous County, Baishan Municipal District, Ji'an city, Hunchun city, Huadian city, Antu County and Helong County of Jilin Province, Benxi Manchu Autonomous County, Huanren Manchu Autonomous County, Kuandian Manchu Autonomous County, Fengcheng city and Donggang city of Liaoning Province. The ensemble species distribution model constructed by sdm within the TSS of various models that were set as weight revealed that the potential distribution area of the water deer in the study area was 8764.66 km (28.77% of the study area). Combining recent studies concerning the distribution of water deer and the current study, we updated the distribution of wild water deer in Northeast China, which is vital for their conservation worldwide.
人类干预具有极大的空间限制和隔离物种的潜力，因此调查物种分布是管理野生动物种群和提出稳健保护策略的最关键问题之一。水鹿（Hydropotes inermis）在中国历史上分布广泛，是东亚特有的物种。然而，它们已经多年未在中国东北地区出现。我们在之前的一项中国吉林省的研究中重新发现了水鹿。随后，我们在中国东北地区进行了进一步的研究，以确定它们的分布状况，为其种群的恢复和扩张提供基础数据。我们于 2021 年 6 月至 12 月在东北地区的一些县/市进行了访谈调查、样线调查和红外相机监测。结果表明，水鹿分布于黑龙江省五常市、长白朝鲜族自治县、白山市、吉安市、珲春市、桦甸市、安图县和和龙市，吉林省本溪市、桓仁满族自治县、宽甸满族自治县、凤城市和东港市，辽宁省。在 TSS 内设置各种模型权重构建的 sdm 集合物种分布模型显示，研究区水鹿的潜在分布区为 8764.66 平方公里（占研究区的 28.77%）。结合最近关于水鹿分布的研究和当前的研究，我们更新了中国东北地区野生水鹿的分布情况，这对其在全球范围内的保护至关重要。
