Department of Nursing Science, University of Turku, Turku 20014, Finland.
WinNova (vocational education), Steniuksenkatu 8, Rauma 26100, Finland.
Contemp Nurse. 2023 Apr;59(2):153-172. doi: 10.1080/10376178.2023.2200014. Epub 2023 Apr 20.
Nursing applicants' desire to work in nursing has been identified as an important aspect to consider in nursing student selection, but relevant instruments are missing. To describe the development and psychometric testing of the Desire to Work in Nursing instrument. A mixed-methods design. The development phase included the collection and analysis of two types of data. First, three focus group interviews were organised with volunteer nursing applicants (n = 18) after the entrance exams of three universities of applied sciences (UAS) (in 2016). The interviews were analysed inductively. Second, scoping review data from four electronic databases were collected. Thirteen full-text articles (published between 2008 and 2019) were included in the review and analysed deductively based on the results of the focus group interviews. The items for the instrument were generated by synthesising the results of the focus group interviews and the scoping review. The testing phase included 841 nursing applicants who participated in the entrance exams of four UAS on 31 October 2018. The psychometric properties were analysed by examining internal consistency reliability and construct validity by principal component analysis (PCA). The desire to work in nursing was classified into four categories: nature of the work, career opportunities, suitability for nursing and previous experiences. The internal consistency reliability of the four subscales was satisfactory. The PCA found only one factor with an eigenvalue over one, explaining 76% of the total variance. The instrument can be considered reliable and valid. Although theoretically the instrument contains four categories, a one-factor solution should be considered in the future. Evaluation of applicants' desire to work in nursing may provide a strategy to retain students.
护理申请人对从事护理工作的愿望已被确定为护理学生选拔中需要考虑的一个重要方面，但相关工具却缺失。本研究旨在描述护理工作愿望量表的编制及心理测量学特性。本研究采用混合方法设计，编制阶段收集和分析了两类数据。首先，在三所应用科学大学（UAS）入学考试后，组织了三次有志愿护理申请人（n=18）参加的焦点小组访谈（2016 年）。访谈采用归纳分析法进行分析。其次，从四个电子数据库中收集范围综述数据。该综述纳入了 13 篇全文文章（发表于 2008 年至 2019 年期间），并根据焦点小组访谈的结果进行演绎分析。该工具的项目通过综合焦点小组访谈和范围综述的结果生成。测试阶段纳入了 2018 年 10 月 31 日参加四所 UAS 入学考试的 841 名护理申请人。采用主成分分析（PCA）考察内部一致性信度和结构效度来分析心理测量学特性。护理工作愿望分为工作性质、职业机会、适合护理工作和先前经历四个类别。四个分量表的内部一致性信度令人满意。PCA 发现只有一个特征值大于 1 的因子，可解释总方差的 76%。该工具可被认为具有可靠性和有效性。尽管理论上该工具包含四个类别，但未来应考虑采用单因素解决方案。评估申请人对从事护理工作的愿望可能为保留学生提供一种策略。
