Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Qilian Mountains Eco-environment Research Center in Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China.
College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2023 Jul 1;880:163285. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163285. Epub 2023 Apr 5.
Previous studies have quantified the contributions of climate factors, vegetation, and terrestrial water storage change, and their interaction effects on hydrological process variation within the Budyko framework; however, further decomposition of the contributions of water storage change has not been systematically investigated. Therefore, focusing on the 76 water tower units of the world, the annual water yield variance was first examined, followed by the contributions of changes in climate, water storage change, and vegetation, as well as their interaction effects on water yield variance; finally, the contribution of water storage change on water yield variance was further decomposed into the effect of changes in groundwater, snow water, and soil water. The results showed that large variability exists in the annual water yield with standard deviations ranging from to 10-368 mm in water towers globally. The water yield variability was primarily controlled by the precipitation variance and its interacted effect with water storage change, with the mean contributions of 60 % and 22 %, respectively. Among the three components of water storage change, the variance in groundwater change had the largest effect on water yield variability (7 %). The improved method helps separate the contribution of water storage components to hydrological processes, and our results highlight that water storage changes should be considered for sustainable water resource management in water-tower regions.
先前的研究已经量化了气候因素、植被和陆地水储量变化的贡献，以及它们在 Budyko 框架内对水文过程变化的相互作用影响；然而，对水储量变化的贡献的进一步分解尚未得到系统研究。因此，本研究聚焦于世界上的 76 个“水塔”单元，首先检验了年径流量变化，然后分别分析了气候、水储量变化、植被变化及其对径流量变化的相互作用影响的贡献，最后进一步将水储量变化对径流量变化的贡献分解为地下水、冰雪水和土壤水变化的影响。结果表明，全球“水塔”的年径流量具有较大的变异性，标准偏差范围为 10-368mm。径流量的变化主要受降水方差及其与水储量变化的相互作用控制，其平均贡献分别为 60%和 22%。在水储量变化的三个组成部分中，地下水变化的方差对径流量变化的影响最大（7%）。该改进方法有助于分离水储量组分对水文过程的贡献，研究结果强调在“水塔”地区进行水资源可持续管理时应考虑水储量变化。
