He Qing, Fok Hok Sum, Ferreira Vagner, Tenzer Robert, Ma Zhongtian, Zhou Hao
MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement & Hubei Key Laboratory of Gravitation and Quantum Physics, PGMF and School of Physics, Institute of Geophysics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
MOE Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment and Geodesy and MNR Key Laboratory of Geophysical Geodesy, School of Geodesy and Geomatics, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Luojia Laboratory, Wuhan, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2023 Dec 15;904:166380. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166380. Epub 2023 Aug 16.
The two-dimensional steady-state Budyko framework, widely used to study water-energy dynamics in landscapes, primarily focused on the partitioning of precipitation into evapotranspiration (ET) and water yield. Though this framework has been extended by incorporating water storage changes into precipitation input for non-steady state conditions, the interactions among water-energy dynamics, vegetation covers, and ocean-atmosphere oscillations within the Budyko framework at finer spatial and temporal scales have been unexplored. This study aims to investigate the interactions of regional hydroclimatic conditions, vegetation, and climate teleconnections over the Indo-China Peninsula (ICP), a region highly vulnerable to climate change. To achieve the objective, we propose a three-dimensional Budyko framework that incorporates the ratio of Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE)-based terrestrial water storage (TWS) or its changes (TWSC) to precipitation (SI/SCI) as the third dimension alongside the traditional two-dimensional Budyko framework. Our findings reveal that TWS has a significant impact on the Budyko framework, particularly during the dry season. The dryness index (DI)/evaporative index (EI) and SI/SCI exhibit positive (strongly negative) linear relationships in the wet (dry) season, respectively. Vegetation covers strongly influence the three-dimensional Budyko framework, with poor performance observed in highly vegetated regions due to high ET demand. Through relative importance analysis, we identify the Silk Road Pattern (SRP) as the most influential climate teleconnection among nine different teleconnections, affecting hydroclimatic conditions over the ICP. Positive (negative) phases of SRP encourage water-limited (energy-limited) ET conditions. This demonstrates that the Budyko parameter is influenced not only by landscapes but also by climate teleconnections, offering potential benefits for Budyko parameter estimation. Furthermore, the linear relationships between DI/EI and SI/SCI in three-dimensional Budyko framework can provide a promising alternative method for evapotranspiration and groundwater estimation.
二维稳态布迪科框架广泛用于研究景观中的水-能量动态，主要关注降水在蒸散（ET）和产水量之间的分配。尽管该框架已通过将储水量变化纳入非稳态条件下的降水输入进行了扩展，但在更精细的空间和时间尺度上，布迪科框架内水-能量动态、植被覆盖和海气振荡之间的相互作用尚未得到探索。本研究旨在调查印度支那半岛（ICP）这一极易受到气候变化影响的地区的区域水文气候条件、植被和气候遥相关之间的相互作用。为实现这一目标，我们提出了一个三维布迪科框架，该框架将基于重力恢复与气候实验（GRACE）的陆地储水量（TWS）或其变化（TWSC）与降水的比率（SI/SCI）作为第三维，与传统的二维布迪科框架并列。我们的研究结果表明，TWS对布迪科框架有显著影响，尤其是在旱季。干燥指数（DI）/蒸发指数（EI）与SI/SCI在湿（干）季分别呈现正（强负）线性关系。植被覆盖对三维布迪科框架有强烈影响，由于高ET需求，在植被茂密的地区表现不佳。通过相对重要性分析，我们确定丝绸之路模式（SRP）是九种不同遥相关中最具影响力的气候遥相关，影响着ICP地区的水文气候条件。SRP的正（负）相位促进水限制（能量限制）的ET条件。这表明布迪科参数不仅受景观影响，还受气候遥相关影响，为布迪科参数估计提供了潜在益处。此外，三维布迪科框架中DI/EI与SI/SCI之间的线性关系可为蒸散和地下水估计提供一种有前景的替代方法。
