Department of Environmental Science, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, India.
Centre of Research for Development, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, India.
World J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2023 Apr 8;39(6):151. doi: 10.1007/s11274-023-03603-6.
Pesticide pollution in recent times has emerged as a grave environmental problem contaminating both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems owing to their widespread use. Bioremediation using gene editing and system biology could be developed as an eco-friendly and proficient tool to remediate pesticide-contaminated sites due to its advantages and greater public acceptance over the physical and chemical methods. However, it is indispensable to understand the different aspects associated with microbial metabolism and their physiology for efficient pesticide remediation. Therefore, this review paper analyses the different gene editing tools and multi-omics methods in microbes to produce relevant evidence regarding genes, proteins and metabolites associated with pesticide remediation and the approaches to contend against pesticide-induced stress. We systematically discussed and analyzed the recent reports (2015-2022) on multi-omics methods for pesticide degradation to elucidate the mechanisms and the recent advances associated with the behaviour of microbes under diverse environmental conditions. This study envisages that CRISPR-Cas, ZFN and TALEN as gene editing tools utilizing Pseudomonas, Escherichia coli and Achromobacter sp. can be employed for remediation of chlorpyrifos, parathion-methyl, carbaryl, triphenyltin and triazophos by creating gRNA for expressing specific genes for the bioremediation. Similarly, systems biology accompanying multi-omics tactics revealed that microbial strains from Paenibacillus, Pseudomonas putida, Burkholderia cenocepacia, Rhodococcus sp. and Pencillium oxalicum are capable of degrading deltamethrin, p-nitrophenol, chlorimuron-ethyl and nicosulfuron. This review lends notable insights into the research gaps and provides potential solutions for pesticide remediation by using different microbe-assisted technologies. The inferences drawn from the current study will help researchers, ecologists, and decision-makers gain comprehensive knowledge of value and application of systems biology and gene editing in bioremediation assessments.
近年来，由于农药的广泛使用，农药污染已成为一个严重的环境问题，污染了水生和陆地生态系统。基因编辑和系统生物学的生物修复可以作为一种环保且高效的工具来修复受农药污染的地点，因为它比物理和化学方法具有优势和更高的公众接受度。然而，为了有效地修复农药，了解与微生物代谢及其生理学相关的不同方面是必不可少的。因此，本文分析了微生物中不同的基因编辑工具和多组学方法，以提供与农药修复相关的基因、蛋白质和代谢物以及应对农药诱导应激的方法的相关证据。我们系统地讨论和分析了（2015-2022 年）关于多组学方法用于农药降解的最新报告，以阐明与不同环境条件下微生物行为相关的机制和最新进展。本研究预计，利用 CRISPR-Cas、ZFN 和 TALEN 等基因编辑工具，利用 Pseudomonas、Escherichia coli 和 Achromobacter sp. 可以为氯吡硫磷、对硫磷甲基、carbaryl、三苯基锡和三唑磷的修复创造 gRNA，表达用于生物修复的特定基因。同样，伴随多组学策略的系统生物学表明，来自 Paenibacillus、Pseudomonas putida、Burkholderia cenocepacia、Rhodococcus sp. 和 Pencillium oxalicum 的微生物菌株能够降解氯菊酯、对硝基苯酚、氯嘧磺隆-乙基和烟嘧磺隆。本综述深入探讨了研究空白，并为使用不同的微生物辅助技术进行农药修复提供了潜在的解决方案。本研究的推论将帮助研究人员、生态学家和决策者全面了解系统生物学和基因编辑在生物修复评估中的价值和应用。
