Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, 1750 West Harrison Street, Suite 1000, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
Neurol Clin. 2023 May;41(2):343-358. doi: 10.1016/j.ncl.2023.01.001.
Reviewing the research presented in this article, it is evident that from an epidemiological perspective, it is important to evaluate the extent to which findings of sex and gender differences in Alzheimer's dementia (AD) are due to differences in longevity, survival bias, and comorbidities. Medical, genetic, psychosocial, and behavioral factors, in addition to hormonal factors, can differentially affect the risk and progression of AD in women versus men. Further, evaluation of sex differences in AD progression and the trajectory of change in cognitive function, neuroimaging, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and blood-based biomarkers of AD is needed. Finally, identifying sex differences in AD biomarkers and change across the lifespan is critical for the planning of prevention trials to reduce the risk of developing AD.
回顾本文所呈现的研究，从流行病学的角度来看，评估阿尔茨海默病（AD）中性别差异的研究结果在多大程度上归因于寿命、生存偏差和合并症的差异是很重要的。除了激素因素外，医学、遗传、心理社会和行为因素也会对女性和男性 AD 的风险和进展产生不同的影响。此外，还需要评估 AD 进展和认知功能、神经影像学、脑脊液（CSF）和 AD 血液生物标志物变化轨迹方面的性别差异。最后，确定 AD 生物标志物和整个生命周期变化中的性别差异对于预防试验的规划以降低 AD 的发病风险至关重要。
