Rush University Medical Center, 1725 West Harrison Street, Suite 710, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
Rush University Medical Center, 1653 West Congress Parkway, 12 Kellogg, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
Neurol Clin. 2023 May;41(2):381-397. doi: 10.1016/j.ncl.2022.10.006. Epub 2023 Feb 19.
Relative to males, women with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have neurobiological and clinical presentation differences. Recent research suggests that the male/female ASD prevalence gap is smaller than previously reported. Sex differences in symptom presentation as well as the male bias of ASD account for delayed/missed diagnosis among women. Investigating ASD and providing psychological evaluation referrals for women who are struggling socially and present with complex mental health conditions (e.g., ADHD, depression), even when they do not show typical autistic characteristics, is important. Accurate diagnosis facilitates understanding of challenges, increases access to treatments, and alleviates the burden of ASD.
与男性相比，患有自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的女性在神经生物学和临床表现上存在差异。最近的研究表明，男女 ASD 患病率差距比之前报道的要小。症状表现上的性别差异以及 ASD 中的男性偏见导致女性的诊断延迟/漏诊。对社会困难且伴有复杂精神健康状况（如 ADHD、抑郁）的女性进行 ASD 调查并提供心理评估转介，即使她们没有表现出典型的自闭症特征，也是很重要的。准确的诊断有助于理解挑战，增加治疗机会，并减轻 ASD 的负担。
