Mousafarkhani Farzad, Sarchahi Ali Asghar, Mohebalian Hadi, Khoshnegah Javad, Arbabi Mohammad
DVM Graduate, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
Vet Res Forum. 2023;14(3):153-160. doi: 10.30466/vrf.2022.541661.3269. Epub 2023 Mar 15.
Canine distemper virus (CDV) is responsible for high morbidity and mortality in dogs worldwide. Epidemiological study of canine distemper can help to control and treat the disease in any area. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of CDV in dogs referred to the Veterinary Hospital from September 23, 2018 to September 22, 2019. Dogs with at least two clinical signs of canine distemper underwent blood tests, rapid test kit from the eye and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and RT-PCR from whole blood and/or CSF samples. Out of 1212 referred dogs, 112 dogs were suspected to have canine distemper of which 90 underwent RT-PCR and rapid test kits. The disease prevalence was 4.04% (49/1212) and 7.44% (49/659) according to the total number of referring dogs and number of referring sick dogs, respectively. The distemper fatality rate was 69.57% (32/46). Seventy percent of distemper positive cases were under 12 months old and 52.08% were under 6 months old. Female dogs were more susceptible than males; however, the fatality rate of males was more than females. Of distemper positive dogs, 91.84% were unvaccinated. The highest prevalence (71.43%) of dogs diagnosed with CDV occurred during the cold seasons. It is concluded that canine distemper is endemic in the geographical area of Mashhad and its prevalence rate in dogs referred to the Veterinary Hospital of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad is 4.04% and its fatality rate is 69.57%. This indicates that a significant number of dogs may die if they develop distemper despite treatment.
犬瘟热病毒（CDV）在全球范围内导致犬类的高发病率和死亡率。犬瘟热的流行病学研究有助于在任何地区控制和治疗该疾病。本研究旨在调查2018年9月23日至2019年9月22日转诊至兽医医院的犬只中CDV的流行情况。出现至少两种犬瘟热临床症状的犬只接受了血液检测、眼部和脑脊液快速检测试剂盒检测，以及全血和/或脑脊液样本的逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）检测。在1212只转诊犬中，112只疑似患有犬瘟热，其中90只接受了RT-PCR和快速检测试剂盒检测。根据转诊犬总数和转诊病犬数量计算，疾病患病率分别为4.04%（49/1212）和7.44%（49/659）。犬瘟热死亡率为69.57%（32/46）。70%的犬瘟热阳性病例年龄在12个月以下，52.08%在6个月以下。雌性犬比雄性犬更易感染；然而，雄性犬的死亡率高于雌性犬。在犬瘟热阳性犬中，91.84%未接种疫苗。被诊断患有CDV的犬只中，患病率最高（71.43%）的发生在寒冷季节。结论是，犬瘟热在马什哈德地区为地方病，转诊至马什哈德费尔多西大学兽医医院的犬只中其患病率为4.04%，死亡率为69.57%。这表明，大量犬只即使接受治疗，若感染犬瘟热仍可能死亡。
