Hosseini Mohammad, Heydari Abbas, Reihani Hamidreza, Kareshki Hossein
Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
J Educ Health Promot. 2023 Jan 31;12:10. doi: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_139_22. eCollection 2023.
Non-technical skills as a complement to technical skills have become increasingly important in cardio-pulmonary resuscitation, and teamwork is one of the most prominent of these skills. Because of the limited number of tools introduced and validated for measuring teamwork in resuscitation, this study was conducted to develop and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Teamwork Scale in Resuscitation (TSR).
This study was a sequential exploratory mixed-method study and was conducted between March 2020 and April 2021 and in two phases. In the first phase (qualitative), semi-structured interviews were performed with resuscitation team members who were selected using a purposeful sampling method with maximum variation in terms of experience, level of education, age, and gender. Using directed qualitative content analysis, the data were analyzed and the primary item pool was developed. In the second phase (quantitative), assessing face, content, and construct validity as well as reliability via the internal consistency and stability, the psychometric properties of the instrument are evaluated.
The initial tool consisted of 54 items; after assessing the face validity, ten items were removed during content validity, and the final tool consisted of 44 items and three main categories including the essential prerequisites for resuscitation, leadership, and teamwork, which was scored based on a 5-point Likert scale from strongly disagree to strongly agree. The convergent validity and concurrent validity of the tool were confirmed. The reliability of the instrument was also confirmed using Cronbach's alpha test and re-test and the intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) between raters.
The validity and reliability of TSR for measuring teamwork in resuscitation in a simulated environment are approved. Further studies are suggested for different contexts of resuscitation and with trained raters to evaluate its use in real resuscitation situations.
非技术技能作为技术技能的补充，在心肺复苏中变得越来越重要，团队合作是这些技能中最突出的技能之一。由于用于评估复苏中团队合作的工具数量有限且经过验证的较少，本研究旨在开发和评估复苏团队合作量表（TSR）的心理测量特性。
本研究是一项顺序探索性混合方法研究，于2020年3月至2021年4月分两个阶段进行。在第一阶段（定性），对复苏团队成员进行了半结构化访谈，这些成员采用目的抽样方法选取，在经验、教育水平、年龄和性别方面具有最大差异。使用定向定性内容分析法对数据进行分析，并开发了初始项目池。在第二阶段（定量），通过内部一致性和稳定性评估表面效度、内容效度和结构效度以及信度，对该工具的心理测量特性进行评估。
初始工具包含54个项目；在评估表面效度后，在内容效度阶段删除了10个项目，最终工具由44个项目和三个主要类别组成，包括复苏的基本前提条件、领导力和团队合作，根据从强烈不同意到强烈同意的5点李克特量表进行评分。该工具的收敛效度和同时效度得到了证实。还使用克朗巴赫α检验、重测以及评分者之间的组内相关系数（ICC）证实了该工具的信度。
TSR在模拟环境中测量复苏团队合作的效度和信度得到认可。建议针对不同的复苏情境以及由经过培训的评分者进行进一步研究，以评估其在实际复苏情况中的应用。
