Jafari Elaha, Zarshenas Mahnaz, Toosi Monireh, Nematollahi Azar, Sayadi Mehrab
Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran, B.Department of Midwifery, School of Medical Technology and Midwifery, Khatam Al-Nabieen University, Kabul, Afghanistan.
Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
J Educ Health Promot. 2023 Jan 31;12:14. doi: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_332_22. eCollection 2023.
Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer and a major cause of mortality among women. Breast self-examination (BSE) is a key technique for early diagnosis of breast cancer, which, along with lifestyle changes, can alleviate the risk of mortality. This study aimed to examine the effect of self-care training programs on lifestyle change and BSE of immigrant Afghan women residing in Iran.
In this quasi-experimental study, 140 immigrant Afghan women visiting health-care centers in Shiraz (Iran) were selected via convenience sampling during 2019-2020. The data were collected using a lifestyle questionnaire, a demographic information checklist, and a BSE checklist. Following the pretest, the experimental group received three sessions of self-care training and took the posttest 2 months after the intervention. The control group did not receive any intervention, but took the same posttest 2 months after the pretest. Data analysis was performed using paired and independent -test and Chi-squared test in Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 22.
The post-intervention level of knowledge and performance of the experimental group significantly increased in terms of a healthy lifestyle ( < 0.001) and performance of BSE ( < 0.001) compared to the control group. The intervention also had a significant positive effect ( < 0.000) on all dimensions of lifestyle.
Self-care training for lifestyle and BSE can promote the prevention and early diagnosis of breast cancer in immigrant Afghan women who have limited access to health care.
乳腺癌是女性中最常见的癌症，也是主要的死亡原因。乳房自我检查（BSE）是早期诊断乳腺癌的一项关键技术，与生活方式的改变一起，可以降低死亡风险。本研究旨在探讨自我护理培训计划对居住在伊朗的阿富汗移民妇女生活方式改变和乳房自我检查的影响。
在这项准实验研究中，2019 - 2020年期间，通过便利抽样选取了140名前往设拉子（伊朗）医疗保健中心就诊的阿富汗移民妇女。使用生活方式问卷、人口统计学信息清单和乳房自我检查清单收集数据。在进行预测试后，实验组接受了三次自我护理培训，并在干预后2个月进行后测试。对照组未接受任何干预，但在预测试后2个月进行相同的后测试。使用社会科学统计软件包（SPSS）22中的配对和独立样本t检验以及卡方检验进行数据分析。
与对照组相比，实验组在健康生活方式（P < 0.001）和乳房自我检查表现（P < 0.001）方面，干预后的知识水平和表现显著提高。该干预对生活方式的所有维度也有显著的积极影响（P < 0.000）。
针对生活方式和乳房自我检查的自我护理培训可以促进医疗保健机会有限的阿富汗移民妇女对乳腺癌的预防和早期诊断。
