Khani Jeihooni Ali, Moayedi Zahra Sadat, Momenabadi Victoria, Ghalegolab Farzaneh, Afzali Harsini Pooyan
Nutrition Research Center, Department of Public Health, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Department of Public Health, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran.
Breast Cancer (Auckl). 2023 Jan 26;17:11782234221145417. doi: 10.1177/11782234221145417. eCollection 2023.
Breast self-examination (BSE) is an important part of health care for all women in every stage of life. This study aimed to investigate the effect of theory of planned behavior (TPB) on doing BSE in a sample of Iranian women.
A cross-sectional study was carried out to examine the factors affecting the BSE in 400 women. Then, a quasi-experimental study was conducted on 200 subjects (100 in experimental group and 100 in control group). The educational intervention for the experimental group consisted of 8 training sessions. A questionnaire including demographic characteristics, knowledge, and constructs of TPB was used to measure BSE performance before and 6 months after the intervention. Constructs of attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control predicted the intention to do the BSE.
The mean age of the subjects was 31.65 ± 7.59 years. The studied variables predicted 38.7% of behavioral intention ( < .001, odds ratio = 0.387). Six months after the intervention, the experimental group showed a significant increase in the knowledge, attitude, perceived behavioral control, subjective norms, intention, and BSE performance compared with the control group ( < .001).
This study showed that educational intervention based on the TPB was effective in promoting breast cancer screening behavior such as BSE. Therefore, it is suggested that health educators and health care planners use educational texts based on these constructs of TPB to increase their influence on individuals via screening behavior for breast cancer.
乳房自我检查（BSE）是所有处于生命各阶段女性医疗保健的重要组成部分。本研究旨在调查计划行为理论（TPB）对伊朗女性样本进行乳房自我检查的影响。
开展一项横断面研究，以检查400名女性中影响乳房自我检查的因素。然后，对200名受试者进行了一项准实验研究（实验组100名，对照组100名）。实验组的教育干预包括8次培训课程。使用一份包括人口统计学特征、知识以及计划行为理论各构成要素的问卷，在干预前和干预后6个月测量乳房自我检查行为。态度、主观规范和感知行为控制等构成要素可预测进行乳房自我检查的意图。
受试者的平均年龄为31.65±7.59岁。所研究的变量预测了38.7%的行为意图（<0.001，优势比=0.387）。干预6个月后，与对照组相比，实验组在知识、态度、感知行为控制、主观规范、意图和乳房自我检查行为方面均有显著增加（<0.001）。
本研究表明，基于计划行为理论的教育干预在促进诸如乳房自我检查等乳腺癌筛查行为方面是有效的。因此，建议健康教育工作者和医疗保健规划者使用基于计划行为理论这些构成要素的教育文本，通过乳腺癌筛查行为增强对个体的影响。
