Fritsch Merve, Weilnhammer Veith, Thiele Paul, Heinz Andreas, Sterzer Philipp
Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences (CCM), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
Berlin Institute of Health, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin und Max Delbrück Center, 10178 Berlin, Germany.
iScience. 2023 Mar 15;26(4):106412. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106412. eCollection 2023 Apr 21.
In perceptual decision-making, uncertainties regarding both noisy sensory information and changing environmental regularities must be considered. We aimed to clarify the relationship between these two sources of uncertainty using a combined motion discrimination and audiovisual reversal learning task with Bayesian modeling. As predicted, the influence of learned beliefs regarding audiovisual associations on perceptual decisions was greater under high sensory uncertainty. Critically, this modulatory effect was larger under high than low environmental uncertainty. Moreover, the degree to which observers relied on learned beliefs when making perceptual decisions depended on their individual tendency to change beliefs. While these findings suggest that weighting of the available sensory information against learned beliefs is modulated by their respective uncertainties, belief learning was not found to rely on sensory uncertainty. Unraveling of these interactive effects of sensory and environmental uncertainties in perception might aid in the understanding of aberrant perceptual inference in psychopathology such as schizophrenia.
在知觉决策中，必须考虑关于有噪声的感官信息和不断变化的环境规律这两方面的不确定性。我们旨在通过结合运动辨别和视听反转学习任务以及贝叶斯建模来阐明这两种不确定性来源之间的关系。正如预测的那样，在高感官不确定性条件下，关于视听关联的习得信念对知觉决策的影响更大。至关重要的是，这种调节效应在高环境不确定性下比在低环境不确定性下更大。此外，观察者在做出知觉决策时依赖习得信念的程度取决于他们改变信念的个体倾向。虽然这些发现表明，可用感官信息相对于习得信念的权重受到它们各自不确定性的调节，但并未发现信念学习依赖于感官不确定性。揭示感官和环境不确定性在知觉中的这些交互作用可能有助于理解精神病理学（如精神分裂症）中异常的知觉推理。
