Yu Ruihe, Liu Lin, Yin Liying, Jing Yege, Zhang Ning, Bian Hang, Zhu Guangshan
Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 China
School of Material Science and Engineering, Jilin Jianzhu University Changchun 130118 China
Chem Sci. 2023 Mar 7;14(14):3782-3788. doi: 10.1039/d2sc06930j. eCollection 2023 Apr 5.
The growth of porous aromatic frameworks (PAFs) on the surface of polymer brushes is reported for the first time. In contrast to PAFs formed in solution, polymer brushes provide a confined environment for PAF growth, resulting in nanosized and homogeneous spherical PAFs formed amongst the polymer brushes. 4-Bromobenzene functionalities from the polymer brushes are utilized to induce PAF growth by a Yamamoto-type Ullman coupling reaction. The size of PAFs can be tailored from 30 nm to 500 nm by subtly changing the structural parameters: reaction time, grafting density, and concentration of 4-bromobenzene on the surface. The established strategy is not only applicable to the preparation of PAF-1, but can also be extended to the controlled preparation of PAF-5. In addition, free-standing and flexible PS/PAF-1 hybrid membranes are obtained dissolving the oxidized layer between the polymer layer and the silicon substrate, which can be transferred to any flat substrate. The obtained PS/PAF-1 membrane is proven to show high efficiency in removing dye from water and is promising for eliminating other foulants, such as microorganisms and trace organics.
首次报道了在聚合物刷表面生长多孔芳香框架（PAFs）。与在溶液中形成的PAFs不同，聚合物刷为PAF生长提供了一个受限环境，导致在聚合物刷之间形成纳米尺寸且均匀的球形PAFs。聚合物刷上的4-溴苯官能团通过山本型乌尔曼偶联反应诱导PAF生长。通过巧妙改变结构参数：反应时间、接枝密度和表面4-溴苯的浓度，可以将PAFs的尺寸从30nm调整到500nm。所建立的策略不仅适用于PAF-1的制备，还可以扩展到PAF-5的可控制备。此外，通过溶解聚合物层和硅基板之间的氧化层，获得了独立且柔性的PS/PAF-1混合膜，该膜可以转移到任何平坦基板上。所获得的PS/PAF-1膜被证明在从水中去除染料方面具有高效率，并且有望去除其他污染物，如微生物和微量有机物。
