Department of Neurosurgery, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
Curr Oncol Rep. 2023 Jul;25(7):765-775. doi: 10.1007/s11912-023-01416-2. Epub 2023 Apr 10.
Intracranial germinomas constitute a rare brain tumor entity of unknown etiology, characterized by unique histopathology and molecular biology. In this manuscript, we review the literature focusing on the epidemiology, histopathology with molecular biology, clinical presentation with emphasis on tumor location, diagnostic workup, and current treatment strategies with related clinical outcomes of intracranial germinomas.
Although the optimal treatment strategy remains a matter of debate, intracranial germinomas respond well to radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of both and are characterized by very high cure and survival rates. It is well-known that early discrimination of germinomas from other intracranial neoplasms facilitates the timely initiation of appropriate treatment, thereby contributing to the reduction of morbidity as well as mortality. Ongoing research will need to be directed towards discovering and refining reliable parameters for early diagnosis and evaluation of prognosis in patients with intracranial germinomas.
颅内生殖细胞瘤是一种罕见的、病因不明的脑肿瘤实体，具有独特的组织病理学和分子生物学特征。本文综述了颅内生殖细胞瘤的流行病学、组织病理学和分子生物学、临床表现（重点是肿瘤位置）、诊断方法以及目前的治疗策略，同时分析了相关的临床结果。
尽管最佳治疗策略仍存在争议，但颅内生殖细胞瘤对放疗、化疗或两者联合治疗反应良好，治愈率和生存率非常高。众所周知，早期区分生殖细胞瘤与其他颅内肿瘤有助于及时开始适当的治疗，从而降低发病率和死亡率。未来的研究需要致力于发现和完善可靠的参数，以实现颅内生殖细胞瘤的早期诊断和预后评估。
