Werner Reichardt Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; email:
Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
Annu Rev Vis Sci. 2023 Sep 15;9:361-383. doi: 10.1146/annurev-vision-111022-123817. Epub 2023 Apr 11.
The superior colliculus (SC) is a subcortical brain structure that is relevant for sensation, cognition, and action. In nonhuman primates, a rich history of studies has provided unprecedented detail about this structure's role in controlling orienting behaviors; as a result, the primate SC has become primarily regarded as a motor control structure. However, as in other species, the primate SC is also a highly visual structure: A fraction of its inputs is retinal and complemented by inputs from visual cortical areas, including the primary visual cortex. Motivated by this, recent investigations are revealing the rich visual pattern analysis capabilities of the primate SC, placing this structure in an ideal position to guide orienting movements. The anatomical proximity of the primate SC to both early visual inputs and final motor control apparatuses, as well as its ascending feedback projections to the cortex, affirms an important role for this structure in active perception.
上丘（SC）是一个与感觉、认知和行动相关的皮质下脑结构。在非人类灵长类动物中，丰富的研究历史提供了有关该结构在控制定向行为中的作用的前所未有的详细信息；因此，灵长类动物的 SC 主要被认为是一个运动控制结构。然而，与其他物种一样，灵长类动物的 SC 也是一个高度视觉的结构：它的一部分输入是视网膜的，并且由来自包括初级视觉皮层在内的视觉皮层区域的输入补充。受此启发，最近的研究正在揭示灵长类动物 SC 的丰富视觉模式分析能力，使该结构处于引导定向运动的理想位置。灵长类动物 SC 与早期视觉输入和最终运动控制装置的解剖学接近，以及其到皮层的上行反馈投射，证实了该结构在主动感知中的重要作用。
