State Key Laboratory of animal Biotech Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
Shenzhen Kingsino Technology Co., Ltd., 518107, Shenzhen, No.18 Guangdian North Rd, High-Tech Industrial Park, Guangming District, China.
Anim Genet. 2023 Aug;54(4):553-557. doi: 10.1111/age.13323. Epub 2023 Apr 11.
Excreta traits comprise a very important characteristic in breeding that have been neglected for a long time. With the growth of intensive pig farming, plenty of environment problems have been raised, and people have begun to pay attention to pig excreta behaviors from genetics and breeding perspectives. However, the genetic architecture of excreta traits remains unclear. To investigate the genetic architecture of excreta traits in pigs, eight excreta traits and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were analyzed in this study. We performed genome-wide association studies (GWASs) on 213 Yorkshire pigs and estimated genetic parameters for a total number of 290 pigs, comprising 213 Yorkshire, 52 Landrace and 25 Duroc. After analysis, eight and 22 genome-wide significant SNPs were detected for FCR and the eight excreta traits in single-trait GWASs separately, and 18 were detected in a multi-trait meta-analysis for excreta traits, six of which were detected in both the single-trait and the multi-trait GWAS. Eighty, 182 and 133 genes were detected within 1 Mb of the genome-wide significant SNPs for FCR, excreta traits and multi-trait meta-analysis, respectively. Five candidate genes (BCKDC, DBT, ANKRD7, SHPRH and HCRT) with biochemical and physiological effects relevant to feed efficiency and excreta traits might be interesting markers for future breeding. Meanwhile, functional enrichment analysis indicates that most of the significant pathways are associated with the glutathione catabolic process, DNA topological change and replication fork protection complex. This study reveals the architecture of excreta traits in commercial pigs and offers an opportunity for decreasing the pollution from excreta using genomic selection in pigs.
粪便性状是一个非常重要的繁殖特征，但长期以来一直被忽视。随着集约化养猪业的发展，大量的环境问题已经出现，人们开始从遗传学和育种的角度关注猪的粪便行为。然而，粪便性状的遗传结构仍不清楚。为了研究猪粪便性状的遗传结构，本研究分析了 8 个粪便性状和饲料转化率（FCR）。我们对 213 头约克夏猪进行了全基因组关联研究（GWAS），并对 290 头猪进行了遗传参数估计，包括 213 头约克夏猪、52 头长白猪和 25 头杜洛克猪。分析后，在单性状 GWAS 中分别检测到 FCR 和 8 个粪便性状的 8 个和 22 个全基因组显著 SNP，在多性状荟萃分析中检测到 18 个粪便性状的全基因组显著 SNP，其中 6 个在单性状和多性状 GWAS 中均有检测。在 FCR、粪便性状和多性状荟萃分析的全基因组显著 SNP 附近 1Mb 范围内，分别检测到 80、182 和 133 个基因。有 5 个候选基因（BCKDC、DBT、ANKRD7、SHPRH 和 HCRT）与与饲料效率和粪便性状相关的生化和生理作用有关，可能是未来育种的有趣标记。同时，功能富集分析表明，大多数显著途径与谷胱甘肽分解代谢过程、DNA拓扑变化和复制叉保护复合物有关。本研究揭示了商业猪粪便性状的遗传结构，为利用基因组选择减少粪便污染提供了机会。
