Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Minia University, Minia, 61519, Egypt.
Environment Division, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF), Kayet Bey, El-Anfoushy, Alexandria, Egypt.
Sci Rep. 2023 Apr 11;13(1):5892. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-33075-5.
Acid Yellow 36 (AY36) dye is a synthetic azo dye that is excessively used in various industries, causing hazardous environmental effects. The main target of this study is the preparation of self-N-doped porous activated carbon (NDAC) and the investigation in eliminating the AY36 dye from the water solution. The NDAC was prepared by mixing fish waste (60% protein content) which was considered a self-nitrogen dopant. A combination of Fish waste, sawdust, zinc chloride and urea with a mass ratio (5:5:5:1) was submitted to hydrothermal process at 180 °C for 5 h followed by pyrolysis for 1 h under N stream at 600, 700, and 800 °C. Fabricated NDAC was qualified as an adsorbent for recovering AY36 dye from water using batch trials. The fabricated NDAC samples were characterized by FTIR, TGA, DTA, BET, BJH, MP, t-plot, SEM, EDX, and XRD methods. The results showed the successful formation of NDAC with nitrogen mass percentage content (4.21, 8.13 and 9.85%). The NDAC prepared at 800 °C had the largest nitrogen content (9.85%) and was labeled as NDAC800. This later had 727.34 m/g, 167.11 cm/g, and 1.97 nm for specific surface area, the monolayer volume and the mean pores diameter respectively. By being the more efficient adsorbent, NDAC800 was chosen to test AY36 dye removal. Therefore, it is selected to investigate the removal of AY36 dye from aqueous solution by varying important parameters such as solution pH, initial dye concentration, adsorbent dosage and contact time. The removal of AY36 dye by NDAC800 was pH-dependent, with the optimum pH value 1.5 giving 85.86% removal efficiency and 232.56 mg/g maximum adsorption capacity (Q). The kinetic data exhibited the best fit model with the pseudo-second-order (PSOM), while the equilibrium data fit well with the Langmuir (LIM) and Temkin (TIM). The mechanism of AY36 dye adsorption may be ascribed to the electrostatic contact between the dye and the available charged sites on NDAC800 surface. The prepared NDAC800 may be considered as an efficient, available, and eco-friendly adsorbent for AY36 dye adsorption from simulated water.
酸性黄 36（AY36）染料是一种合成偶氮染料，在许多工业中过度使用，对环境造成有害影响。本研究的主要目的是制备自掺杂多孔活性炭（NDAC）并研究其从水溶液中去除 AY36 染料的效果。NDAC 是通过混合被认为是自氮掺杂剂的鱼废物（蛋白质含量 60%）制备的。将鱼废物、木屑、氯化锌和尿素以质量比（5:5:5:1）混合，在 180°C 下进行水热处理 5 小时，然后在 N 气流下在 600、700 和 800°C 下进行 1 小时热解。制备的 NDAC 通过批量试验被证明是一种从水中回收 AY36 染料的吸附剂。用 FTIR、TGA、DTA、BET、BJH、MP、t-plot、SEM、EDX 和 XRD 方法对制备的 NDAC 进行了表征。结果表明，成功地形成了具有氮质量百分比含量（4.21%、8.13%和 9.85%）的 NDAC。在 800°C 下制备的 NDAC 具有最大的氮含量（9.85%），并被标记为 NDAC800。后者的比表面积、单层体积和平均孔径分别为 727.34 m²/g、167.11 cm³/g 和 1.97nm。作为更有效的吸附剂，NDAC800 被选择用于测试 AY36 染料的去除。因此，选择它来研究通过改变溶液 pH 值、初始染料浓度、吸附剂用量和接触时间等重要参数来去除水溶液中的 AY36 染料。NDAC800 去除 AY36 染料的效果依赖于 pH 值，最佳 pH 值为 1.5 时，去除效率为 85.86%，最大吸附容量（Q）为 232.56mg/g。动力学数据与准二级（PSOM）拟合最好，而平衡数据与 Langmuir（LIM）和 Temkin（TIM）拟合较好。AY36 染料吸附的机理可能归因于染料与 NDAC800 表面可用带电位之间的静电接触。制备的 NDAC800 可被视为一种从模拟水中吸附 AY36 染料的高效、可用且环保的吸附剂。
