Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil.
Graduation Program in Animal Biology, University of Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil.
Methods Mol Biol. 2023;2647:121-149. doi: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3064-8_6.
The revolution in animal transgenesis began in 1981 and continues to become more efficient, cheaper, and faster to perform. New genome editing technologies, especially CRISPR-Cas9, are leading to a new era of genetically modified or edited organisms. Some researchers advocate this new era as the time of synthetic biology or re-engineering. Nonetheless, we are witnessing advances in high-throughput sequencing, artificial DNA synthesis, and design of artificial genomes at a fast pace. These advances in symbiosis with animal cloning by somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) allow the development of improved livestock, animal models of human disease, and heterologous production of bioproducts for medical applications. In the context of genetic engineering, SCNT remains a useful technology to generate animals from genetically modified cells. This chapter addresses these fast-developing technologies driving this biotechnological revolution and their association with animal cloning technology.
动物转基因革命始于 1981 年，并且不断变得更加高效、廉价和快速。新的基因组编辑技术，特别是 CRISPR-Cas9，正在引领着一个新的基因修饰或编辑生物体的时代。一些研究人员主张这个新时代是合成生物学或重新设计的时代。尽管如此，我们正在见证高通量测序、人工 DNA 合成和人工基因组设计的快速发展。这些与体细胞核移植 (SCNT) 动物克隆的结合的进展，使得改良家畜、人类疾病的动物模型以及用于医疗应用的生物制品的异源生产得以发展。在基因工程的背景下，SCNT 仍然是一种从转基因细胞中生成动物的有用技术。本章介绍了推动这一生物技术革命的这些快速发展的技术及其与动物克隆技术的关联。
