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废水监测在检测社区中SARS-CoV-2变体和其他呼吸道病毒流行情况中的意义——一项多地点评估

Significance of wastewater surveillance in detecting the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 variants and other respiratory viruses in the community - A multi-site evaluation.

作者信息

Khan Majid, Li Lin, Haak Laura, Payen Shannon Harger, Carine Madeline, Adhikari Kabita, Uppal Timsy, Hartley Paul D, Vasquez-Gross Hans, Petereit Juli, Verma Subhash C, Pagilla Krishna

机构信息

Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, MS320, Reno, NV 89557, USA.

Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Nevada, MS258, Reno, NV 89557, USA.

出版信息

One Health. 2023 Jun;16:100536. doi: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2023.100536. Epub 2023 Apr 5.

Abstract

Detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) viral genome in wastewater has proven to be useful for tracking the trends of virus prevalence within the community. The surveillance also provides precise and early detection of any new and circulating variants, which aids in response to viral outbreaks. Site-specific monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 variants provides valuable information on the prevalence of new or emerging variants in the community. We sequenced the genomic RNA of viruses present in the wastewater samples and analyzed for the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 variants as well as other respiratory viruses for a period of one year to account for seasonal variations. The samples were collected from the Reno-Sparks metropolitan area on a weekly basis between November 2021 to November 2022. Samples were analyzed to detect the levels of SARS-CoV-2 genomic copies and variants identification. This study confirmed that wastewater monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 variants can be used for community surveillance and early detection of circulating variants and supports wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) as a complement to clinical respiratory virus testing as a healthcare response effort. Our study showed the persistence of the SARS-CoV-2 virus throughout the year compared to a seasonal presence of other respiratory viruses, implicating SARS-CoV-2's broad genetic diversity and strength to persist and infect susceptible hosts. Through secondary analysis, we further identified antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes in the same wastewater samples and found WBE to be a feasible tool for community AMR detection and monitoring.

摘要

在废水中检测严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2(SARS-CoV-2)病毒基因组已被证明有助于追踪社区内病毒流行趋势。这种监测还能精确且早期检测到任何新出现的和正在传播的变体,有助于应对病毒爆发。对SARS-CoV-2变体进行特定地点监测可提供有关社区中新出现或正在出现的变体流行情况的宝贵信息。我们对废水样本中存在的病毒的基因组RNA进行了测序,并分析了SARS-CoV-2变体以及其他呼吸道病毒的流行情况,为期一年,以考虑季节变化。样本于2021年11月至2022年11月期间每周从里诺 - 斯帕克斯大都市区采集。对样本进行分析以检测SARS-CoV-2基因组拷贝水平和变体鉴定。本研究证实,对SARS-CoV-2变体进行废水监测可用于社区监测和早期检测正在传播的变体,并支持基于废水的流行病学(WBE)作为临床呼吸道病毒检测的补充,作为一种医疗应对措施。我们的研究表明,与其他呼吸道病毒的季节性存在相比,SARS-CoV-2病毒全年持续存在,这表明SARS-CoV-2具有广泛的遗传多样性以及持续存在和感染易感宿主的能力。通过二次分析,我们进一步在相同的废水样本中鉴定了抗菌药物耐药性(AMR)基因,并发现WBE是社区AMR检测和监测的可行工具。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/96a3/10288051/5f640e24f8dc/ga1.jpg

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