Universidad Peruana Unión, Escuela Profesional Medicina, Laboratorio de Investigación en Biología Molecular. Lima, Perú.
Instituto Nacional de Salud, Centro Nacional de Salud Pública, Laboratorio de Biotecnología y Biología molecular. Lima, Perú.
Rev Peru Med Exp Salud Publica. 2024 Aug 19;41(2):140-145. doi: 10.17843/rpmesp.2024.412.13484.
OBJECTIVE.: To identify the presence of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in wastewater from hospitals in Peru.
MATERIALS AND METHODS.: Water samples were collected from the effluents of nine hospitals in Peru during March and September 2022. SARS-CoV-2 was identified by using Illumina sequencing. Variant, lineage and clade assignments were carried out using the Illumina and Nextclado tools. We verified whether the SARS-CoV-2 variants obtained from wastewater were similar to those reported by the National Institute of Health of Peru from patients during the same period and region.
RESULTS.: Eighteen of the 20 hospital wastewater samples (90%) provided sequences of sufficient quality to be classified as the Omicron variant according to the WHO classification. Among them, six (30%) were assigned by Nextclade to clades 21K lineage BA.1.1 (n=1), 21L lineage BA.2 (n=2), and 22B lineages BA.5.1 (n=2) and BA .5.5 (n=1).
CONCLUSIONS.: SARS-CoV-2 variants were found in hospital wastewater samples and were similar to those reported by the surveillance system in patients during the same weeks and geographic areas. Wastewater monitoring could provide information on the environmental and temporal variation of viruses such as SARS-CoV-2.
Motivation for the study. To contribute to the surveillance of environmental samples from hospital effluents in order to achieve early warning of possible infectious disease outbreaks. Main findings. The Omicron variant of the COVID-19 virus was detected in wastewater from hospitals in Puno, Cuzco and Cajamarca; these results are similar to the reports by the Peruvian National Institute of Health based on nasopharyngeal swab samples. Implications. The presence of the Omicron variant in hospital wastewater during the third wave of the pandemic should raise awareness of the treatment system before wastewater is discharged into the public sewer system.
在秘鲁的医院废水中识别 SARS-CoV-2 病毒的存在。
2022 年 3 月和 9 月，从秘鲁的 9 家医院的污水中采集水样。使用 Illumina 测序鉴定 SARS-CoV-2。使用 Illumina 和 Nextclado 工具进行变体、谱系和分支分配。我们验证了从废水中获得的 SARS-CoV-2 变体是否与同期和同一地区秘鲁国家卫生研究所报告的患者变体相似。
20 个医院废水样本中的 18 个（90%）提供了足够质量的序列，根据世界卫生组织的分类，被归类为奥密克戎变体。其中，6 个（30%）通过 Nextclado 分配到 21K 谱系 BA.1.1（n=1）、21L 谱系 BA.2（n=2）和 22B 谱系 BA.5.1（n=2）和 BA.5.5（n=1）。
在医院废水样本中发现了 SARS-CoV-2 变体，与同期和同一地理区域患者的监测系统报告的变体相似。废水监测可以提供有关 SARS-CoV-2 等病毒的环境和时间变化的信息。
为了为医院废水环境样本的监测做出贡献，以实现对可能的传染病爆发的早期预警。主要发现：在普诺、库斯科和卡哈马卡的医院废水中检测到 COVID-19 病毒的奥密克戎变体；这些结果与秘鲁国家卫生研究所基于鼻咽拭子样本的报告相似。含义：在大流行第三波期间，医院废水中存在奥密克戎变体，应该在废水排入公共污水系统之前引起对处理系统的关注。
