Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical Faculty, Medical University of Sofia, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria.
Future Microbiol. 2023 Mar;18:235-244. doi: 10.2217/fmb-2022-0191. Epub 2023 Apr 12.
protects skin homeostasis. The species has three subspecies, and associations between subsp. and acne, subsp. and prostate cancer, and subsp. and progressive macular hypomelanosis have recently been suggested. Different phylotypes/clonal complexes may cause prosthetic joint and other infections, and virulence factors such as fimbriae, biofilms, multidrug-resistance plasmids, porphyrin, Christie-Atkins-Munch-Petersen factors and cytotoxicity contribute to infections. Isolates are subtyped by multiplex PCR or multi- or single-locus sequence typing; however, these methods could be better synchronized. Resistance of acneic strains to macrolides (25.0-73.0%), clindamycin (10.0-59.0%) and tetracyclines (up to 37.0%) is worrisome, but susceptibility testing is now facilitated by European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing disk diffusion breakpoints. New therapeutic approaches include sarecycline, antimicrobial peptides and bacteriophages.
保护皮肤的内稳态。该物种有三个亚种，最近有人提出亚种与痤疮、亚种与前列腺癌、亚种与进行性斑状色素减退症之间存在关联。不同的基因型/克隆复合体可能导致人工关节和其他感染，而菌毛、生物膜、多药耐药质粒、卟啉、Christie-Atkins-Munch-Petersen 因子和细胞毒性等毒力因子则有助于感染。通过多重 PCR 或多位点或单一位点序列分型对分离株进行亚型分型；然而，这些方法可以更好地同步。痤疮菌株对大环内酯类（25.0-73.0%）、克林霉素（10.0-59.0%）和四环素类（高达 37.0%）的耐药性令人担忧，但现在通过欧洲抗菌药物敏感性试验委员会的药敏纸片扩散折点法来进行药敏试验。新的治疗方法包括沙雷菌素、抗菌肽和噬菌体。
