Sinn Sohben R, Berg William P, Vachon Gabrielle E, Hughes Michael R
Department of Kinesiology, Nutrition, and Health, Miami University, 205G Phillips Hall, 420 S. Oak Street, Oxford, OH, 45056, USA.
Department of Statistics, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA.
Exp Brain Res. 2023 May;241(5):1411-1419. doi: 10.1007/s00221-023-06614-9. Epub 2023 Apr 12.
This experiment investigated the role of anticipatory and reflexive compensatory neuromotor control in catching errors occurring under load uncertainty. Participants performed 64 trials of a one-handed ball catching task using visually identical balls of four different weights without knowing the weight of the ball on each trial. Anticipatory and reflexive compensatory muscle activation were recorded in five muscles (anterior deltoid, biceps brachii, wrist flexors group, triceps brachii, lumbar erector spinae) using the EMG integral. In each muscle, the anticipatory and reflexive compensatory muscle activation were compared between successful catches and catching errors for the lightest ball and the heaviest ball. Anticipatory muscle activation was not implicated in errors made with the lightest ball. However, reflexive compensatory muscle activation in the anterior deltoid, biceps brachii, and wrist flexors were implicated in errors made with the lightest ball. Specifically, catching errors with the lightest ball were characterized by elevated reflexive compensatory muscle activation. In the case of the heaviest ball, both anticipatory (anterior deltoid, wrist flexors) and reflexive compensatory muscle activation (anterior deltoid, biceps brachii, wrist flexors) were implicated in catching errors. That is, catching errors with the heaviest ball were characterized by lower anticipatory and reflexive compensatory muscle activation. Results are considered in the context of the likely influence of limb compliance in catching under load uncertainty.
本实验研究了预期性和反射性补偿性神经运动控制在负荷不确定情况下接球失误中的作用。参与者进行了64次单手接球任务试验，使用四个不同重量但视觉上相同的球，且每次试验时并不知道球的重量。使用肌电图积分记录了五块肌肉（三角肌前束、肱二头肌、腕屈肌群、肱三头肌、竖脊肌）的预期性和反射性补偿性肌肉激活情况。在每块肌肉中，比较了成功接球和接球失误时，最轻球和最重球的预期性和反射性补偿性肌肉激活情况。对于最轻的球，预期性肌肉激活与失误无关。然而，三角肌前束、肱二头肌和腕屈肌的反射性补偿性肌肉激活与最轻球的失误有关。具体而言，接住最轻球时的失误表现为反射性补偿性肌肉激活升高。对于最重的球，预期性（三角肌前束、腕屈肌）和反射性补偿性肌肉激活（三角肌前束、肱二头肌、腕屈肌）都与接球失误有关。也就是说，接住最重球时的失误表现为预期性和反射性补偿性肌肉激活降低。在负荷不确定情况下接球时，结合肢体顺应性可能产生的影响对结果进行了考量。
