Department of Aquatic Radioecology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Geroyev Stalingrada Ave. 12, UA-04210, Kyiv, Ukraine.
Department of Aquatic Radioecology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Geroyev Stalingrada Ave. 12, UA-04210, Kyiv, Ukraine.
J Environ Radioact. 2023 Jul;263:107169. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2023.107169. Epub 2023 Apr 10.
This study deals with an assessment of radiation dose dynamics to fish and higher aquatic plants (helophytes) in Glyboke Lake (10-km exclusion zone) during the early phase of the Chernobyl accident. Models of radioactive contamination of water and sediment and models of radioactive contamination and radiation dose to fish and aquatic plants were developed. It was found that, in 1986, the total dose rate to fish reached 0.25 Gy d. Within 6 months after the accident, the dose rate due to Sr, Cs and Cs had increased. The absorbed dose to prey fish of Glyboke Lake for this period was estimated as being 27-81 Gy of which 4-40 Gy was formed by I exposure. The radiation dose rate due to Sr, Ru, Cs and Ce to aquatic plants reached its quasi-equilibrium values approximately 50 days after the accident and remained virtually unchanged until the end of the 1986 growing season. The highest levels of Sr, Y, Zr, Ru, Ce exposure were observed between 30 and 50 days with a decrease by 2-3 times at the end of the growing season. Radiation exposure of the short-lived I, Ba, La, Np reached its maximum within 5-15 days after the accident. The absorbed dose rate to aquatic plants reached 0.69 Gy d, while the contribution of cerium radionuclides to the total dose rate formed 50% in the initial period and reached 90% at the end of the growing season. The magnitude of the radiation dose rate to plant roots was 2.4 times higher than aboveground organs, and that of rhizomes was 1.6 times higher. During the growing season of 1986 the total dose of exposure of plants in Glyboke Lake was about 78 Gy. The results of this study emphasise the necessity to consider the history of exposure of past generation of living organisms as part of the assessment of current radiation effects.
本研究评估了 1986 年切尔诺贝利事故早期格利博克湖（10 公里隔离区）中鱼类和高等水生植物（湿生植物）的辐射剂量动态。开发了水和沉积物放射性污染模型以及鱼类和水生植物放射性污染和辐射剂量模型。结果表明，1986 年鱼类的总剂量率达到 0.25Gy·d-1。事故发生后 6 个月内，Sr、Cs 和 Cs 的剂量率增加。估计在此期间格利博克湖猎物鱼类的吸收剂量为 27-81Gy，其中 4-40Gy 是由 I 暴露形成的。事故发生后大约 50 天，水生植物的 Sr、Ru、Cs 和 Ce 辐射剂量率达到准平衡值，并在 1986 年生长季结束前基本保持不变。Sr、Y、Zr、Ru、Ce 暴露的最高水平在 30 至 50 天之间，生长季结束时降低 2-3 倍。短寿命 I、Ba、La、Np 的辐射暴露在事故发生后 5-15 天内达到最大值。水生植物的吸收剂量率达到 0.69Gy·d-1，而铈放射性核素对总剂量率的贡献在初始阶段形成 50%，在生长季结束时达到 90%。植物根部的辐射剂量率比地上器官高 2.4 倍，根茎的辐射剂量率比地上器官高 1.6 倍。1986 年生长季，格利博克湖植物的总暴露剂量约为 78Gy。本研究的结果强调了有必要将过去几代生物的暴露史作为当前辐射效应评估的一部分来考虑。
