Shanghai Eye Disease Prevention and Treatment Center, Shanghai Vision Health Center & Shanghai Children Myopia Institute, Shanghai Eye Hospital, Shanghai, 200040, China.
National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200080, China.
Eye (Lond). 2023 Oct;37(15):3263-3270. doi: 10.1038/s41433-023-02503-1. Epub 2023 Apr 12.
To investigate the rate of orthokeratology lens (ortho-k lens) use and its associated factors in children and adolescents with myopia.
Cross-sectional study. Children from 104 primary and middle schools in Shanghai were enrolled by cluster sampling. Ophthalmic examinations were conducted and information was obtained using questionnaires for associated factors analysis.
A total of 72,920 children and adolescents were included, among which 32,259 were the potential population for ortho-k lens use. A total of 1021 participants used ortho-k lenses, equating to a use rate of 1.4% in the total population and 3.1% in the potential population. Age (OR 0.91, 95% CI: 0.88-0.95, p < 0.001), BMI (≥95th percentile: OR 0.48, 95% CI: 0.35-0.66, p < 0.001), age at initiation of refractive correction (≤12 years: OR 1.75, 95% CI: 1.31-2.33, p < 0.001), and parental myopia (either: OR 2.09, 95% CI: 1.58-2.75, p < 0.001; both: OR 3.94, 95% CI: 3.04-5.11, p < 0.001) were independently associated with ortho-k lens use. Of the ortho-k lenses users, 12.4% had a logMAR CVA of ≥0.3. A correction target (SE) of ≤-3.0 D (OR 2.05, 95% CI: 1.38-3.05, p < 0.001) and a sleeping duration of ≤6 h (OR 4.19, 95% CI: 2.03-8.64, p < 0.001) were factors independently associated with CVA ≥ 0.3.
A certain proportion of children and adolescents in Shanghai chose to wear ortho-k lenses, related to the situation of parents and children themselves. Health education and follow-ups should be strengthened to ensure orthokeratology application quality.
调查近视儿童和青少年角膜塑形镜（ortho-k 镜）的使用情况及其相关因素。
采用横断面研究方法，通过整群抽样选取上海市 104 所中小学的儿童和青少年进行眼部检查，并通过问卷调查获取相关因素分析的信息。
共纳入 72920 名儿童和青少年，其中 32259 名是角膜塑形镜潜在使用者。共有 1021 名参与者使用了角膜塑形镜，总人群的使用率为 1.4%，潜在人群的使用率为 3.1%。年龄（OR 0.91，95%CI：0.88-0.95，p<0.001）、BMI（≥95th 百分位数：OR 0.48，95%CI：0.35-0.66，p<0.001）、开始矫正屈光不正的年龄（≤12 岁：OR 1.75，95%CI：1.31-2.33，p<0.001）和父母近视（任何一方：OR 2.09，95%CI：1.58-2.75，p<0.001；双方：OR 3.94，95%CI：3.04-5.11，p<0.001）与角膜塑形镜的使用独立相关。在角膜塑形镜使用者中，12.4%的人视力矫正值（logMAR CVA）≥0.3。矫正目标（等效球镜）≤-3.0 D（OR 2.05，95%CI：1.38-3.05，p<0.001）和睡眠时间≤6 小时（OR 4.19，95%CI：2.03-8.64，p<0.001）是与 CVA≥0.3 独立相关的因素。
上海部分儿童和青少年选择佩戴角膜塑形镜，与父母和孩子自身的情况有关。应加强健康教育和随访，以确保角膜塑形镜的应用质量。
