移动认知：在“真实世界”中对人类大脑进行成像。
Mobile cognition: imaging the human brain in the 'real world'.
机构信息
Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behaviour, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
出版信息
Nat Rev Neurosci. 2023 Jun;24(6):347-362. doi: 10.1038/s41583-023-00692-y. Epub 2023 Apr 12.
Cognitive neuroscience studies in humans have enabled decades of impactful discoveries but have primarily been limited to recording the brain activity of immobile participants in a laboratory setting. In recent years, advances in neuroimaging technologies have enabled recordings of human brain activity to be obtained during freely moving behaviours in the real world. Here, we propose that these mobile neuroimaging methods can provide unique insights into the neural mechanisms of human cognition and contribute to the development of novel treatments for neurological and psychiatric disorders. We further discuss the challenges associated with studying naturalistic human behaviours in complex real-world settings as well as strategies for overcoming them. We conclude that mobile neuroimaging methods have the potential to bring about a new era of cognitive neuroscience in which neural mechanisms can be studied with increased ecological validity and with the ability to address questions about natural behaviour and cognitive processes in humans engaged in dynamic real-world experiences.
人类认知神经科学的研究已经带来了数十年来具有影响力的发现，但主要局限于在实验室环境中记录固定不动的参与者的大脑活动。近年来，神经影像学技术的进步使得人们能够在现实世界中自由活动的行为期间记录人类大脑活动。在这里，我们提出这些移动神经影像学方法可以为人类认知的神经机制提供独特的见解，并有助于开发针对神经和精神疾病的新疗法。我们进一步讨论了在复杂的现实环境中研究自然人类行为所面临的挑战以及克服这些挑战的策略。我们的结论是，移动神经影像学方法有可能带来认知神经科学的新时代，在这个时代中，可以以更高的生态有效性研究神经机制，并能够解决关于参与动态现实体验的人类的自然行为和认知过程的问题。
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