Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical, Anesthesiologic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy.
Eye Clinic, Department of Sense Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Mar 31;24(7):6578. doi: 10.3390/ijms24076578.
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a genetically predisposed, female-predominant disease, characterized by multiple organ damage, that in its most severe forms can be life-threatening. The pathogenesis of SLE is complex and involves cells of both innate and adaptive immunity. The distinguishing feature of SLE is the production of autoantibodies, with the formation of immune complexes that precipitate at the vascular level, causing organ damage. Although progress in understanding the pathogenesis of SLE has been slower than in other rheumatic diseases, new knowledge has recently led to the development of effective targeted therapies, that hold out hope for personalized therapy. However, the new drugs available to date are still an adjunct to conventional therapy, which is known to be toxic in the short and long term. The purpose of this review is to summarize recent advances in understanding the pathogenesis of the disease and discuss the results obtained from the use of new targeted drugs, with a look at future therapies that may be used in the absence of the current standard of care or may even cure this serious systemic autoimmune disease.
系统性红斑狼疮（SLE）是一种遗传易感性、女性为主的疾病，其特征是多器官损伤，在最严重的形式下可能危及生命。SLE 的发病机制复杂，涉及固有和适应性免疫系统的细胞。SLE 的特征是产生自身抗体，形成免疫复合物在血管水平沉淀，导致器官损伤。尽管对 SLE 发病机制的理解进展比其他风湿性疾病慢，但最近的新知识导致了有效的靶向治疗的发展，为个性化治疗带来了希望。然而，迄今为止可用的新药仍然是传统治疗的辅助手段，已知在短期和长期内具有毒性。本综述的目的是总结对疾病发病机制的最新认识，并讨论使用新的靶向药物所获得的结果，展望未来可能在缺乏当前标准治疗的情况下使用的治疗方法，甚至可能治愈这种严重的系统性自身免疫性疾病。
