Aquaculture and Biodiversity Group, Institute of Animal Science and Technology, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera, 14, 46071 Valencia, Spain.
Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, Edifício FC4, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Apr 5;24(7):6768. doi: 10.3390/ijms24076768.
The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary fish oil replacement with a mixture of vegetable oils and probiotic supplementation on plasma biochemical parameters, oxidative stress, and antioxidant ability of . Specimens with an initial weight of 175 g were used. Four feeds were formulated with 0% (FO-100), 75% (FO-25), and 100% (FO-0 and FO-0+ with the addition of probiotics) substitution of fish oil with a mixture of linseed, sunflower, and palm oils. After 109 days, no significant differences were observed in the activity of antioxidant enzymes in the liver, foregut, and hindgut, only glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity in the liver was higher in the fish fed the FO-100 diet than in those fed the FO-0 diet. No significant differences were observed in the total, reduced, and oxidized glutathione and the oxidative stress index in the liver. In addition, lipid peroxidation in the liver and red muscle values were higher in the fish fed the FO-100 diet than in the fish fed the FO-0+ diet, however, the foregut of the fish fed the FO-100 diet presented lower values than that of the fish fed the FO replacement diet, with and without probiotics. There were significant differences in cholesterol levels in the FO-100 group; they were significantly higher than those observed with the fish diets without fish oil. To sum up, fish oil can be replaced by up to 25% with vegetable oils in diets for juveniles, but total fish oil substitution is not feasible because it causes poor survival. The inclusion of probiotics in the FO-0+ diet had no effects on the parameters measured.
本研究旨在探讨用植物油混合物替代部分鱼油并添加益生菌对 血浆生化参数、氧化应激和抗氧化能力的影响。使用初始体重为 175 g 的样本。设计了四种饲料，用亚麻籽油、葵花籽油和棕榈油的混合物替代 0%（FO-100）、75%（FO-25）和 100%（FO-0 和 FO-0+，添加益生菌）的鱼油。109 天后，FO-100 组鱼的肝脏、前肠和后肠的抗氧化酶活性没有显著差异，只有肝脏的葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶活性高于 FO-0 组。肝脏中的总谷胱甘肽、还原型谷胱甘肽、氧化型谷胱甘肽和氧化应激指数没有显著差异。此外，FO-100 组鱼的肝脏和红肌的脂质过氧化值高于 FO-0+组鱼，但 FO-100 组鱼的前肠的脂质过氧化值低于添加和不添加益生菌的 FO 替代组鱼。FO-100 组的胆固醇水平有显著差异；它们显著高于不含鱼油的鱼饲料观察到的水平。总之，在幼鱼饲料中，鱼油可以被植物油替代高达 25%，但完全替代鱼油是不可行的，因为它会导致存活率下降。在 FO-0+饲料中添加益生菌对测量的参数没有影响。
