Guo Yanjie, Wu Weini, Yang Xueyi
Life Science College, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, China.
Animals (Basel). 2023 Mar 28;13(7):1181. doi: 10.3390/ani13071181.
The Chinese giant salamander () has been increasingly popular in the aquaculture market in China in recent years. In the breeding process of , we found that some albino individuals were extremely rare and could not be inherited stably, which severely limits their commercialization in the aquaculture market. In this study, we performed transcriptome and small RNA (sRNA) sequencing analyses in the skin samples of wild-type (WT) and albino (AL) . In total, among 5517 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), 2911 DEGs were down-regulated in AL, including almost all the key genes involved in melanin formation. A total of 25 miRNAs were differentially expressed in AL compared to WT, of which 17 were up-regulated. Through the integrated analysis, no intersection was found between the target genes of the differentially expressed miRNAs and the key genes for melanin formation. Gene Ontology (GO) and KEGG pathway analyses on DEGs showed that these genes involved multiple processes relevant to melanin synthesis and the key signal pathway MAPK. Interestingly, the transcription factors SOX10 and PAX3 and the Wnt signaling pathway that play a key role in other species were not included, while the other two transcription factors in the SOX family, SOX21 and SOX7, were included. After analyzing the key genes for melanin formation, it was interesting to note an alternative splicing form of the in WT and a critical mutation of the gene in AL, which might be the main reason for the skin color change of . The results contributed to understanding the molecular mechanism of skin pigmentation in and accelerating the acquisition process of individuals with specific body colors by genetic means.
中国大鲵近年来在中国水产养殖市场越来越受欢迎。在其养殖过程中，我们发现一些白化个体极其罕见且无法稳定遗传，这严重限制了它们在水产养殖市场的商业化。在本研究中，我们对野生型（WT）和白化（AL）中国大鲵的皮肤样本进行了转录组和小RNA（sRNA）测序分析。总共，在5517个差异表达基因（DEG）中，2911个DEG在AL中下调，包括几乎所有参与黑色素形成的关键基因。与WT相比，AL中共有25个miRNA差异表达，其中17个上调。通过综合分析，未发现差异表达miRNA的靶基因与黑色素形成关键基因之间存在交集。对DEG的基因本体论（GO）和KEGG通路分析表明，这些基因涉及多个与黑色素合成相关的过程以及关键信号通路MAPK。有趣的是，在其他物种中起关键作用的转录因子SOX10和PAX3以及Wnt信号通路未被纳入，而SOX家族中的另外两个转录因子SOX21和SOX7被纳入。在分析黑色素形成的关键基因后，值得注意的是WT中存在一种中国大鲵的可变剪接形式以及AL中该基因的一个关键突变，这可能是中国大鲵皮肤颜色变化的主要原因。这些结果有助于理解中国大鲵皮肤色素沉着的分子机制，并通过遗传手段加速特定体色个体的获得过程。
