Garrido Luís F C, Sato Sabrina T M, Costa Leandro B, Daros Ruan R
Graduate Program in Animal Science, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba 80215-901, Brazil.
Animals (Basel). 2023 Apr 6;13(7):1273. doi: 10.3390/ani13071273.
Respiratory diseases commonly affect livestock species, negatively impacting animal's productivity and welfare. The use of precision livestock farming (PLF) applied in respiratory disease detection has been developed for several species. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate if PLF technologies can reliably monitor clinical signs or detect cases of respiratory diseases. A technology was considered reliable if high performance was achieved (sensitivity > 90% and specificity or precision > 90%) under field conditions and using a reliable reference test. Risk of bias was assessed, and only technologies tested in studies with low risk of bias were considered reliable. From 23 studies included-swine (13), poultry (6), and bovine (4) -only three complied with our reliability criteria; however, two of these were considered to have a high risk of bias. Thus, only one swine technology fully fit our criteria. Future studies should include field tests and use previously validated reference tests to assess technology's performance. In conclusion, relying completely on PLF for monitoring respiratory diseases is still a challenge, though several technologies are promising, having high performance in field tests.
呼吸系统疾病通常会影响家畜物种，对动物的生产力和福利产生负面影响。针对多种物种，已经开发出了应用于呼吸系统疾病检测的精准畜牧养殖（PLF）技术。本系统评价的目的是评估PLF技术是否能够可靠地监测临床症状或检测出呼吸系统疾病病例。如果在田间条件下并使用可靠的参考测试能实现高性能（灵敏度>90%且特异性或精确度>90%），则认为该技术是可靠的。评估了偏倚风险，只有在偏倚风险较低的研究中测试的技术才被认为是可靠的。在纳入的23项研究中——猪（13项）、家禽（6项）和牛（4项）——只有三项符合我们的可靠性标准；然而，其中两项被认为具有较高的偏倚风险。因此，只有一项猪用技术完全符合我们的标准。未来的研究应包括田间试验，并使用先前经过验证的参考测试来评估技术性能。总之，尽管有几种技术很有前景，在田间试验中表现出高性能，但完全依靠PLF来监测呼吸系统疾病仍然是一项挑战。
