青少年 1 型糖尿病患者饮食失调行为风险特征：一项潜在类别分析研究。
A Risk Profile for Disordered Eating Behaviors in Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes: A Latent Class Analysis Study.
机构信息
Department of Women's and Children's Health, G. Salesi Hospital, 60123 Ancona, Italy.
Laboratory of Psychosomatics and Clinimetrics, Department of Psychology, University of Bologna, 47521 Cesena, Italy.
出版信息
Nutrients. 2023 Mar 31;15(7):1721. doi: 10.3390/nu15071721.
(1) Background: This multi-center study aimed to identify a risk profile for disordered eating behaviors (DEBs) in youth with type 1 diabetes (T1D) based on their dietary intake, lipid profile, body mass index (BMI-SDS), and glycometabolic control. (2) Methods: Adolescents aged 11 to 18 years from five centers across Italy were recruited. Lipid profile, HbA1c, BMI-SDS, and dietary intake data were collected. The risk for developing DEBs was assessed via the Diabetes Eating Problems Survey-R (DEPS-R) questionnaire. A latent class analysis (LCA) was performed using a person-centered approach. (3) Results: Overall, 148 participants aged 11-18 (12.1, ±3.34), 52% males with a mean diabetes duration of 7.2 (±3.4), were enrolled. Based on the results of the DEBS-R score, LCA allowed us to highlight two different classes of patients which were defined as "at-risk" and "not at-risk" for DEB. The risk profile for developing DEBs is characterized by higher BMI-SDS (23.9 vs. 18.6), higher HbA1c (7.9 vs. 7.1%), higher LDL cholesterol (99.9 vs. 88.8 mg/dL), lower HDL cholesterol (57.9 vs. 61.3 mg/dL), higher proteins (18.2 vs. 16.1%), and lower carbohydrates (43.9 vs. 45.3%). Adolescents included in the "at-risk" class were significantly older ( = 0.000), and their parents' SES was significantly lower ( = 0.041). (4) Conclusions: This study allowed us to characterize a risk profile for DEBs based on dietary behavior and clinical parameters. Early identification of the risk for DEBs allows timely intervention and prevention of behavior disorders.
(1) 背景：本多中心研究旨在根据意大利五个中心的青少年 1 型糖尿病（T1D）患者的饮食摄入、血脂谱、体重指数（BMI-SDS）和血糖代谢控制情况，确定其发生饮食相关行为障碍（DEBs）的风险特征。(2) 方法：招募了年龄在 11 至 18 岁的青少年。收集了血脂谱、HbA1c、BMI-SDS 和饮食摄入数据。使用基于个体的方法通过糖尿病饮食问题调查-R （DEPS-R）问卷评估发生 DEBs 的风险。采用潜在类别分析（LCA）。(3) 结果：共纳入 148 名年龄在 11-18 岁（12.1±3.34）、52%为男性的参与者，平均糖尿病病程为 7.2（±3.4）年。根据 DEBS-R 评分结果，LCA 允许我们突出两个不同的患者群体，即“有风险”和“无风险”的 DEB。发生 DEBs 的风险特征是 BMI-SDS 更高（23.9 vs. 18.6）、HbA1c 更高（7.9 vs. 7.1%）、LDL 胆固醇更高（99.9 vs. 88.8mg/dL）、HDL 胆固醇更低（57.9 vs. 61.3mg/dL）、蛋白质更高（18.2 vs. 16.1%）和碳水化合物更低（43.9 vs. 45.3%）。归入“有风险”类别的青少年明显更年长（=0.000），其父母的社会经济地位明显更低（=0.041）。(4) 结论：本研究能够根据饮食行为和临床参数对 DEBs 的风险特征进行描述。早期识别 DEBs 的风险有助于及时干预和预防行为障碍。
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