Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt.
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
Molecules. 2023 Apr 5;28(7):3243. doi: 10.3390/molecules28073243.
In the present study, an attempt was made to investigate the in vitro antioxidant, anticancer, and antibacterial activities of , then in vivo evaluate its safety as a natural colorant and sweetener in beverages compared to synthetic colorant and sweetener in rats, then serve the beverages for sensory evaluation. flowers had high protein, polysaccharide, Ca, Na, Mg, K, and Fe contents. The pigment extract (DRPE) polysaccharides were separated and purified by gel permeation chromatography on Sephacryl S-200, characterized by rich polysaccharides (13.6 g/L). The HPLC sugar profile detected the monosaccharides in the extracted polysaccharides, composed of mannose, galactose, glucose, arabinose, and gluconic acid, and the structure of saccharides was confirmed by FTIR, which showed three active groups: carbonyl, hydrocarbon, and hydroxyl. On the other hand, the red pigment constituents of DRPE were detected by HPLC; the main compounds were delphinidin and cyanidin at 15 µg/mL. The DRPE contained a considerable amount (26.33 mg/g) of anthocyanins, phenolic compounds (64.7 mg/g), and flavonoids (10.30 mg/g), thus influencing the antioxidant activity of the DRPE, which scavenged 92% of DPPH free radicals. Additionally, it inhibited the population of pathogenic bacteria, including , , , and in the range of 30-90 μg/mL, in addition to inhibiting 85% of pancreatic cancer cell lines. On the in vivo level, the rats that were delivered a diet containing DRPE showed regular liver markers (AST, ALP, and ALT); kidney markers (urea and creatinine); high TP, TA, and GSH; and low MDA, while rats treated with synthetic dye and aspartame showed higher liver and kidney markers; lowered TP, TA, and GSH; and high MDA. After proving the safety of DRPE, it can be safely added to strawberry beverages. Significant sensorial traits, enhanced red color, and taste characterize the strawberry beverages supplemented with DRPE. The lightness and redness of strawberries were enhanced, and the color change ΔE values in DRPE-supplemented beverages ranged from 1.1 to 1.35 compared to 1.69 in controls, indicating the preservative role of DRPE on color. So, including DRPE in food formulation as a natural colorant and sweetener is recommended for preserving health and the environment.
在本研究中，尝试研究 的体外抗氧化、抗癌和抗菌活性，然后在体内评估其作为天然着色剂和甜味剂在大鼠中的安全性，与合成着色剂和甜味剂相比，然后为饮料提供感官评价。 花含有高蛋白、多糖、Ca、Na、Mg、K 和 Fe。 色素提取物 (DRPE) 多糖通过 Sephacryl S-200 凝胶渗透色谱分离和纯化，多糖丰富（13.6 g/L）。HPLC 糖谱检测到提取多糖中的单糖，由甘露糖、半乳糖、葡萄糖、阿拉伯糖和葡萄糖酸组成，糖的结构通过 FTIR 确认，显示三个活性基团：羰基、烃基和羟基。另一方面，通过 HPLC 检测 DRPE 的红色色素成分；主要化合物在 15 µg/mL 时为飞燕草素和矢车菊素。DRPE 含有相当数量（26.33 mg/g）的花色苷、酚类化合物（64.7 mg/g）和类黄酮（10.30 mg/g），因此影响 DRPE 的抗氧化活性，其可清除 92%的 DPPH 自由基。此外，它抑制了包括 、 、 和 在内的致病菌的种群，范围为 30-90 μg/mL，此外还抑制了 85%的胰腺癌细胞系。在体内水平上，给予含有 DRPE 的饮食的大鼠显示出正常的肝脏标志物（AST、ALP 和 ALT）；肾脏标志物（尿素和肌酐）；高 TP、TA 和 GSH；低 MDA，而用合成染料和阿斯巴甜治疗的大鼠显示出更高的肝和肾标志物；降低的 TP、TA 和 GSH；高 MDA。在证明 DRPE 的安全性后，可以安全地将其添加到草莓饮料中。添加 DRPE 的草莓饮料具有显著的感官特征、增强的红色和味道。草莓的亮度和红色度得到增强，添加 DRPE 的饮料的颜色变化 ΔE 值范围为 1.1 至 1.35，而对照物为 1.69，表明 DRPE 对颜色具有保护作用。因此，建议将 DRPE 纳入食品配方中作为天然着色剂和甜味剂，以维护健康和环境。
