Hatzilazarou Stefanos, Pipinis Elias, Kostas Stefanos, Stagiopoulou Rafaela, Gitsa Konstantina, Dariotis Eleftherios, Avramakis Manolis, Samartza Ioulietta, Plastiras Ioannis, Kriemadi Eleni, Bareka Pepy, Lykas Christos, Tsoktouridis Georgios, Krigas Nikos
Laboratory of Floriculture, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
Laboratory of Silviculture, School of Forestry and Natural Environment, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
Plants (Basel). 2023 Apr 6;12(7):1574. doi: 10.3390/plants12071574.
Although tulips are famous worldwide as ornamental plants, the knowledge about the seed germination of wild-growing species remains limited. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of temperature on seed germination of the local, wild-growing Greek endemics and and the sub-Balkan endemic , which are threatened with extinction, as well as the Mediterranean and the Asiatic naturalized on Chios Island (Greece). The germination responses at five constant temperatures (5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 °C) were assessed for all studied species in growth chambers under a 12:12 light-dark photoperiod. The ecological profile for each species was developed in R using open-source bioclimatic data; this was built to illustrate the abiotic environmental conditions of their wild habitats, to facilitate the examination of temperature effects on seed germination, and to facilitate their cultivation in artificial environments. The results indicated that the seed germination requirements of the studied species had a range-specific temperature dependence, reflecting their natural adaptation to local ecological conditions. Seed germination of , , and was observed only in a narrow range of very low temperatures (5-10 °C), whereas germination of and occurred at temperatures between 5 and 15 °C. A temperature increase to 20 or 25 °C resulted in the absence of seed germination for all five Greek tulip species. The germinated seeds were planted in pots and bulblets were developed under greenhouse conditions. Seeds and bulblets constitute valuable genetic materials for the cultivation and ex situ conservation of these five Greek tulip species, three of which are threatened with extinction.
尽管郁金香作为观赏植物闻名于世，但关于野生郁金香种子萌发的知识仍然有限。本研究的目的是调查温度对希腊本土野生特有种以及巴尔干半岛南部特有种种子萌发的影响，这些物种都面临灭绝威胁，同时也研究了在希腊希俄斯岛归化的地中海种和亚洲种。在生长室中，于12:12光暗周期下，对所有研究物种在五个恒定温度（5、10、15、20和25°C）下的萌发反应进行了评估。利用开源生物气候数据在R中为每个物种绘制生态分布图；绘制该图是为了说明其野生栖息地的非生物环境条件，便于研究温度对种子萌发的影响，并便于在人工环境中进行栽培。结果表明，所研究物种的种子萌发需求具有特定范围的温度依赖性，这反映了它们对当地生态条件的自然适应。仅在非常低的狭窄温度范围（5 - 10°C）内观察到了[物种名称1]、[物种名称2]和[物种名称3]的种子萌发，而[物种名称4]和[物种名称5]的萌发发生在5至15°C之间。温度升高到20或25°C导致所有五个希腊郁金香物种均未出现种子萌发。将萌发的种子种植在花盆中，并在温室条件下培育出小鳞茎。种子和小鳞茎是这五个希腊郁金香物种栽培和迁地保护的宝贵遗传材料，其中三个物种面临灭绝威胁。
