Institute of Electric Power Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, 60-965 Poznan, Poland.
Sensors (Basel). 2023 Mar 23;23(7):3405. doi: 10.3390/s23073405.
The article presents in detail the construction of a low-cost, portable online PD monitoring system based on the acoustic emission (AE) technique. A highly sensitive piezoelectric transducer was used as the PD detector, whose frequency response characteristics were optimized to the frequency of AE waves generated by discharges in oil-paper insulation. The popular and inexpensive Teensy 3.2 development board featuring a 32-bit MK20DX256 microcontroller with the ARM Cortex-M4 core was used to count the AE pulses. The advantage of the system is its small dimensions and weight, easy and quick installation on the transformer tank, storage of measurement data on a memory card, battery power supply, and immediate readiness for operation without the need to configure. This system may contribute to promoting the idea of short-term (several days or weeks) PD monitoring, especially in developing countries where, with the dynamically growing demand for electricity, the need for inexpensive transformer diagnostics systems is also increasing. Another area of application is medium-power transformers (up to 100 MVA), where temporary PD monitoring using complex measurement systems requiring additional infrastructure (e.g., control cabinet, cable ducts for power supply, and data transmission) and qualified staff is economically unjustified.
本文详细介绍了一种基于声发射（AE）技术的低成本、便携式在线局部放电监测系统的构建。采用高灵敏度压电换能器作为局放检测传感器，其频率响应特性经过优化，可适用于油纸绝缘中放电产生的 AE 波的频率。该系统采用流行且价格低廉的 Teensy 3.2 开发板，其搭载的 32 位 MK20DX256 微控制器具有 ARM Cortex-M4 内核，用于计数 AE 脉冲。该系统的优势在于其尺寸小、重量轻，易于快速安装在变压器油箱上，可将测量数据存储在存储卡上，采用电池供电，并可立即投入使用，无需进行配置。该系统有助于推广短期（几天或几周）局部放电监测的理念，特别是在发展中国家，随着对电力需求的快速增长，对廉价的变压器诊断系统的需求也在增加。该系统的另一个应用领域是中功率变压器（高达 100MVA），在这些变压器中，使用需要额外基础设施（例如控制柜、用于供电和数据传输的电缆管道）和合格人员的复杂测量系统进行临时局部放电监测在经济上是不合理的。
