Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India.
Department of Microbiology, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India.
Chemosphere. 2023 Jul;329:138676. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138676. Epub 2023 Apr 11.
With the ever-increasing human population, farming lands are decreasing every year, therefore, for effective crop management; agricultural scientists are continually developing new strategies. However, small plants and herbs always impart a much loss in the yields of the crop and farmers are using tons of herbicides to eradicate that problem. Across the world, several herbicides are available in the market for effective crop management, however, scientists observed various environmental and health effects of the herbicides. Over the past 40 years, the herbicide glyphosate has been used extensively with the assumption of negligible effects on the environment and human health. However, in recent years, concerns have increased globally about the potential direct and indirect effects on human health due to the excessive use of glyphosate. As well, the toxicity on ecosystems and the possible effects on all living creatures have long been at the center of a complex discrepancy about the authorization for its use. The World Health Organization also further classified glyphosate as a carcinogenic toxic component and it was banned in 2017 due to numerous life-threatening side effects on human health. In the present era, the residues of banned glyphosate are more prevalent in agricultural and environmental samples which are directly affecting human health. Various reports revealed the detailed extraction process of glyphosate from different categories of the food matrix. Therefore, in the present review, to reveal the importance of glyphosate monitoring in the food matrix, we discussed the environmental and health effects of glyphosate with acute toxicity levels. Also, the effect of glyphosate on aquatic life is discussed in detail and various detection methods such as fluorescence, chromatography, and colorimetric techniques from different food samples with a limit of detection values are revealed. Overall, this review will give an in-depth insight into the various toxicological aspects and detection of glyphosate from food matrix using various advanced analytical techniques.
随着人口的不断增加，农田每年都在减少，因此，为了有效地进行作物管理，农业科学家一直在不断开发新的策略。然而，小植物和草药总是会对作物的产量造成很大的损失，农民们正在使用大量的除草剂来解决这个问题。在世界各地，市场上有几种除草剂可用于有效的作物管理，然而，科学家们观察到了除草剂的各种环境和健康影响。在过去的 40 年里，草甘膦除草剂被广泛使用，假设它对环境和人类健康没有影响。然而，近年来，由于草甘膦的过度使用，人们对其对人类健康的潜在直接和间接影响的担忧在全球范围内不断增加。此外，其毒性对生态系统的影响以及对所有生物可能产生的影响，长期以来一直是其使用授权的一个复杂争议的核心。世界卫生组织还进一步将草甘膦归类为致癌毒性成分，并于 2017 年因其对人类健康造成的许多危及生命的副作用而被禁用。在当今时代，农业和环境样本中残留的已禁用的草甘膦更为普遍，直接影响着人类健康。各种报告揭示了从不同食品基质类别中提取草甘膦的详细过程。因此，在本综述中，为了揭示在食品基质中监测草甘膦的重要性，我们讨论了草甘膦的环境和健康影响及其急性毒性水平。此外，还详细讨论了草甘膦对水生生物的影响，并揭示了从不同食品样品中使用荧光、色谱和比色技术等各种检测方法及其检测限。总的来说，本综述将深入探讨食品基质中草甘膦的各种毒理学方面和检测方法，以及使用各种先进的分析技术。
