University of Kansas Medical Center, 4000 Cambridge Street, Mail Stop 3007, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.
Children's Mercy Hospital, 3101 Broadway Boulevard, Kansas City, MO 64111, USA.
Immunol Allergy Clin North Am. 2023 May;43(2):245-257. doi: 10.1016/j.iac.2023.01.011.
Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is a heterogenous disease entity characterized by an aberrant immune response to inhalational antigens. Disease modification hinges on early antigen remediation with a goal to attenuate immune dysregulation. Disease severity and progression are mediated by an interface between degree, type and chronicity of exposure, genetic predisposition, and biochemical properties of the inducing agent. Guidelines have provided a standardized approach; however, decision-making remains with many clinical dilemmas. The delineation of fibrotic and nonfibrotic HP is crucial to identify the differences in clinical trajectories, and further clinical trials are needed to understand optimal therapeutic strategies.
过敏性肺炎 (HP) 是一种异质性疾病实体，其特征是对吸入性抗原的异常免疫反应。疾病的改善取决于早期抗原修复，目的是减轻免疫失调。疾病的严重程度和进展是由暴露程度、类型和慢性程度、遗传易感性以及诱导剂的生化特性之间的相互作用介导的。指南已经提供了一种标准化的方法；然而，许多临床难题仍需要决策。纤维化和非纤维化 HP 的划定对于识别临床轨迹的差异至关重要，需要进一步的临床试验来了解最佳治疗策略。
