Animal-Plant Interactions Lab, Department of Zoology, Sri Venkateswara College, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110021, India.
Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana 124001, India.
J Appl Microbiol. 2023 Apr 3;134(4). doi: 10.1093/jambio/lxad074.
During the last few decades, endophytes have attracted increased attention due to their ability to produce a plethora of bioactive secondary metabolites. These compounds not only help the endophytes to outcompete other plant-associated microbes or pathogens through quorum sensing, but also enable them to surmount the plant immune system. However, only a very few studies have described the interlink between various biochemical and molecular factors of host-microbe interactions involved in the production of these pharmacological metabolites. The peculiar mechanisms by which endophytes modulate plant physiology and metabolism through elicitors, as well as how they use transitional compounds of primary and secondary metabolism as nutrients and precursors for the synthesis of new compounds or enhancing existing metabolites, are still less understood. This study thus attempts to address the aspects of synthesis of such metabolites used in therapeutics by the endophytes in the light of their ecological significance, adaptation, and intercommunity interactions. Our study explores how endophytes adapt to the specific host environment, especially in medicinal plants that produce metabolites with pharmacological potential and simultaneously modulate host gene expression for the biosynthesis of these metabolites. We also discuss the differential interactions of fungal and bacterial endophytes with their hosts.
在过去的几十年中,由于内生菌能够产生大量的生物活性次生代谢物,因此它们引起了越来越多的关注。这些化合物不仅有助于内生菌通过群体感应来与其他植物相关的微生物或病原体竞争,而且还使它们能够克服植物免疫系统。然而,只有极少数研究描述了参与这些药理代谢物产生的宿主-微生物相互作用的各种生化和分子因素之间的联系。内生菌通过激发子调节植物生理学和代谢的特殊机制,以及它们如何将初生和次生代谢的过渡化合物用作合成新化合物或增强现有代谢物的营养物质和前体,仍然知之甚少。因此,本研究试图根据内生菌的生态意义、适应和群落间相互作用,探讨内生菌在治疗学中合成这些代谢物的方面。我们的研究探讨了内生菌如何适应特定的宿主环境,特别是在产生具有药理潜力的代谢物的药用植物中,同时调节宿主基因表达以合成这些代谢物。我们还讨论了真菌和细菌内生菌与宿主的不同相互作用。