Departamento Produccion Y Sanidad Animal, Salud Publica Y Ciencia Y Tecnologia de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain.
Vet Res Commun. 2023 Sep;47(3):1675-1685. doi: 10.1007/s11259-023-10123-z. Epub 2023 Apr 14.
Leishmaniasis is a zoonotic parasitic disease, and the main reservoir of the parasite is the dog, although recent years have seen an increase in other mammalian species. In the Mediterranean region, where it is an endemic disease, it is caused by the species Leishmania infantum. The Ibizan hound, an autochthonous breed of this region, appears to have a genetic resistance to parasitic infection, whereas other canine breeds, such as the Boxer, are susceptible to infection. These differences are related to the differentiated activation of the immune response, with the Ibizan hound activating the Th1 immune response, whereas the Boxer breed triggers the Th2 immune response. Cytokine levels and genomic haplotypes of several genes involved in the immune response were analysed in twenty-eight Ibizan hound (resistant canine breed model) and twenty-four Boxer (susceptible canine breed) without clinical signs in the Mediterranean region. Cytokine levels were analysed by ELISA commercial kits and haplotypes were studied using CanineHD DNA Analysis BeadChip including 165,480 mapped positions. The results show 126 haplotypes associated with differential immune response in dogs. Specifically, haplotypes in IL12RB1, IL6R, CIITA, THEMIS, NOXA1, HEY2, RAB38, SLC35D2, SLC28A3, RASEF and DAPK1 genes are associated with serum levels of IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-8, and IL-18. These results suggest that the resistance or susceptibility to Leishmania infantum infection could be a consequence of haplotypes in several genes related to immune response. Future studies are needed to elucidate the relationship of these haplotypes with immune response and gene expression regulation.
利什曼病是一种人畜共患寄生虫病，寄生虫的主要宿主是狗，尽管近年来其他哺乳动物物种的感染病例有所增加。在地中海地区，该病呈地方性流行，由利什曼原虫的婴儿利什曼原虫引起。伊比萨犬是该地区的一种本地犬种，似乎对寄生虫感染具有遗传抗性，而其他犬种，如拳师犬，则容易感染。这些差异与免疫反应的分化激活有关，伊比萨犬激活 Th1 免疫反应，而拳师犬则触发 Th2 免疫反应。在没有临床症状的情况下，在地中海地区分析了 28 只伊比萨犬（抗性犬种模型）和 24 只拳师犬（易感犬种）的 28 只伊比萨犬（抗性犬种模型）和 24 只拳师犬（易感犬种）的细胞因子水平和参与免疫反应的几个基因的基因组单倍型。通过 ELISA 商业试剂盒分析细胞因子水平，通过 CanineHD DNA 分析珠芯片研究单倍型，包括 165480 个映射位置。结果显示 126 个与犬类差异免疫反应相关的单倍型。具体而言，IL12RB1、IL6R、CIITA、THEMIS、NOXA1、HEY2、RAB38、SLC35D2、SLC28A3、RASEF 和 DAPK1 基因中的单倍型与 IFN-γ、IL-2、IL-8 和 IL-18 的血清水平相关。这些结果表明，对利什曼原虫感染的抗性或易感性可能是与免疫反应相关的几个基因中的单倍型的结果。需要进一步的研究来阐明这些单倍型与免疫反应和基因表达调控的关系。
